梭鱼养殖群体与自然群体等位基因酶的遗传变异  

Allozyme genetic variation in two mullet (Liza haematocheila) populations

作　　者：杨锐[1] 庄志猛[2] 喻子牛[3] 戴继勋[1] 邓景耀[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学生命学院,266003 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋大学水产学院,266003

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2002年第3期15-19,共5页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目 (3 963 0 2 60 )资助

摘　　要：采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术研究了梭鱼 (L iza haematochelia)自然群体 (2 9尾 )与养殖群体(31尾 ) 10种酶 2 2个位点的等位基因酶遗传变异情况。自然群体和养殖群体的多态位点比例 (P95)分别为 0 .2 6 2和 0 .131。在养殖群体中的 G3PD- 3和 PGM位点观察到相当多的杂合子 ,导致这两个位点杂合度远大于自然群体 ,进而造成养殖群体平均杂合度 0 .0 92± 0 .0 5 1高于自然群体的平均杂合度0 .0 6 4± 0 .0 36。而养殖群体的平均杂合子缺失指数 - 0 .36 4± 0 .10 4和平均有效等位基因数 1.132±0 .0 5 9高于自然群体的相应各值 :- 0 .0 6 77± 0 .0 76和 1.10 1± 0 .0 36。对两个群体各位点等位基因分布以及杂合度进行相关性检验 ,其相关系数分别为 0 .9838和 0 .816 3,相关程度较高。与其他位点相比 ,G3PD- 3和 PGM位点属于多变异位点 ,养殖群体在这两个位点杂合度较高的原因 ,可能与养殖过程中环境因素造成的蛋白质表达的个体差异有关。两个群体的 Nei遗传距离很近 ,为 0 .0 0 9;遗传相似程度很高 ,遗传相似性系数达 0 .Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to detect the genetic variation of allozyme in two populations of mullet( Liza haematocheila ):cultivated population(CP:31)and natural population(NP:29).The ratios of polymorphic loci were 0 131 and 0 262 respectively.Mean heterozygosity in CP(0 092±0 051)was higher than that in NP(0 064± 0 036),which was caused by more heterozygotes in G3PD 3 and PGM loci of CP.Accordingly,the deficiency index of mean heterozyote and the effective number of allele of CP(-0 364±0 104 and 1 132±0 059)were higher than those of NP(-0 667±0 076 and 1 101±0 036).The correlation coefficients of allele distribution and heterozygosity of all loci were 0 983 8 and 0 816 3 respectively,which suggested that the protein might expressed separately due to the environmental difference between cultivated and natural waters.Nei distance between two populations was 0 009 and the genetic similarity was 0 991,which showed great similarity in these two populations.

关 键 词：养殖群体 自然群体 梭鱼 等位基因酶 遗传变异 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学] S965.234[农业科学—水产养殖]