双低甘蓝型油菜自交不亲和系杂种优势的研究  

Heterosis of Double Low Self-incompatibility Line in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

作　　者：沈金雄[1,2] 傅廷栋[1] 杨光圣 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室/国家油菜武汉改良分中心 [2]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,武汉430062

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第9期1060-1065,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"973"资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1CB10 80 7)"杂种优势利用新途径及其分子机理";欧盟资助项目 (IC 18 CT97 0 172 );中国-瑞典合作项目(PlanforbreedingSIhybrids)部分研究内容

摘　　要：用 3个双低甘蓝型油菜自交不亲和系与 2 2个品种以NCII法配制 6 6个杂交组合。连续 2年试验结果表明 ,F1与其亲本间单株产量、种子含油量均存在显著差异 ,两性状的平均优势范围分别为 5 .5 0 %～ 6 4.11%和 - 1.5 5 %～ 7.44 %,种子含油量杂种优势弱于单株产量。在单株产量的 3个主要构成因素中 ,全株总角果数杂种优势最强 ,每果粒数次之 ,千粒重最弱。单株产量存在明显的基因型与环境互作。配合力分析结果表明 ,单株产量同时受基因的加性效应和非加性效应影响 ,而种子含油量主要受基因的加性效应控制 ;配制组合时 ,对前一类性状可根据亲本的一般配合力及特殊配合力方差进行亲本选择 ,而对后一类性状可根据两亲本的一般配合力之和进行亲本选择。F 1 hybrids, produced by three double low self-incompatible lines and 22 varieties with a North Carolina II (NCII) mating design, were tested for their heterosis in Wuhan in two growing seasons from 1999 to 2001. The results showed that significant differences were observed between F 1 and their parents for yield per plant and seed oil content. Mid-parent heterosis for the two characters was ranged from 5.50% to 64.11% and from -1.55% to 7.44%, respectively. Heterosis of seed yield per plant was higher than that of seed oil content. For yielding components, heterosis of total number of siliques per plant was the highest, followed by seeds per silique and 1 000-seed weight. Significant genotype-by-year interaction was found for seed yield per plant. Results from combining ability analysis showed that seed yield per plant was affected by both additive and non-additive effects, while seed oil content was affected mainly by additive effect. In hybrid breeding, parental materials might be selected by the total GCAs of female and male parents for characters mainly affected by additive effect, and by GCAs and variances of SCAs of parents for characters affected by both additive and non-additive effects, respectively.

关 键 词：双低甘蓝型油菜 自交不亲和 杂种优势 配合力 杂交育种 亲本选择 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]