海南岛橡胶林能量平衡研究  

Energy Balance Research of the Rubber Plantation in Hainan Island

作　　者：张晓娟[1,2] 吴志祥[1,2] 杨川[1] 管利民[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部儋州热带作物科学观测实验站/中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南儋州571737 [2]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2016年第2期77-85,共9页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所基本科研业务费专项"橡胶林生态系统长期定位观测研究"(1630022014011);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050601-01-25)

摘　　要：基于涡度相关系统对海南儋州橡胶林生态系统长期定位观测,获取橡胶林生态系统2013年5月-2014年4月有效能、湍流能以及各种气象数据,分析其能量平衡过程以及能量闭合度。结果表明:1)显热通量(H)、潜热通量(LE)、土壤热通量(G)与净辐射通量(Rn)日变化趋势相似,都为单峰型。雨季LE明显大于旱季,不同季节H差异不明显。雨季白天LE远高于H。G在数值上与Rn差1~2个数量级,且变化滞后于Rn变化。2)冠层热储量(S)、显热储量(Sa)和潜热储量(Se)变化趋势均为倒"S"型,但S、Se变化趋势与Sa变化趋势相反。橡胶林冠层热储量,Se贡献更大。3)雨季波文比都远<1,即雨季净辐射主要用于潜热输送。旱季波文比较雨季大,平均值为0.8,说明整个旱季水汽传输与显热输送消耗能量比重相当。4)各能量通量分量均表现为净辐射(Rn)>潜热通量(LE)>显热通量(H)>土壤热通量(G)>冠层热储量(S)。雨季潜热通量(LE)所占净辐射比例达76.28%,显热通量仅为15.32%;旱季潜热通量(LE)、显热通量(H)占净辐射通量比例分别为:43.69%、31.74%。5)橡胶林能量不闭合度雨季低于旱季。半小时尺度上旱季不闭合度为33%,雨季不闭合度为24%,全年不闭合度为27%,与中国通量网(ChinaFLUX)研究结果相比,处于中等水平。日尺度全年能量闭合度为13.82%,全年月尺度能量不闭合度为13.41%。Based on the long-term observations on the rubber plantations occurring in Danzhou,Hainan Province by using eddy covariance technique,eddy flux characteristics and micrometeoroiogical factors of rubber forest ecosystem were obtained.The energy balance of the rubber plantations was analyzed.The results were as follows,1)the characteristics of diurnal variations of sensible heat flux(H),latent heat flux(LE),soil heat flux(G),and net radiation flux(Rn)were all presented single-peak curves.The LEin rainy season was bigger than in dry season,but the difference between the sensible heat flux(H)in different seasons was small.The LE was greater than Hin rainy season.G was less than Rnwith 1to 2orders of magnitude.Compared with Rn,the change of Gdelayed.2)The characteristics of the diurnal variations of canopy heat storage(S),sensible heat storage(Sa),latent heat storage(Se)were in reversed 'S-shaped'curves.However,the variation tendency of Sa was opposite to Sand Se.3)In rainy season,Rn was mainlyused for latent heat transfer,the Bowen ratios were far less than 1.In dry season,the average of Bowen ratio was 0.8,indicating that the energy used for latent heat transfer was basically the same as sensible heat transfer.4)The energy balance components were in the order of net radiation>latent heat>sensible heat>soil heat flux >canopy heat storage.In rainy season,LEaccounted for 76.28% of net radiation,H accounted for 15.32%.In dry season,LEaccounted for 43.69%,and H accounted for 31.74%.5)The energy imbalance ratio in rainy season was less than that in dry season.Compared with results reported in ChinaFLUX,the imbalance ratio in half an hour scale was in medium level.The imbalance ratio in rainy season was 24%,33%in dry season,and the annual imbalance ratio was 27%.The imbalance ratio in daily scale was 13.82%,and 13.41%in monthly scale.

关 键 词：能量平衡 涡度相关 橡胶林 海南岛 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]