担任确保覆盖和连通性的WSN寿命最大化  

Maximizing WSN lifetime to ensure coverage and connectivity

作　　者：黄晓璐[1] 欧峰 Huang Xiaolu;Ou Feng(Department of Public Science,Henan Vocational College of Nursing,Anyang 455000,China;School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]河南护理职业学院公共学科部,安阳455000 [2]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2019年第1期61-68,共8页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(41001251);河南省科技厅基础与前沿研究项目(112300410129);河南省科技厅基础与前沿研究项目(112300410128)资助

摘　　要：为了实现无线传感网络(WSN)的寿命最大化,提出了一种确保WSN中的覆盖和连通性的寿命最大化策略.首先,将这个问题考虑为一个节能覆盖问题,并采用整数线性规划技术来构建它,从而得到包含最小数目传感器的可行集合,这些可行集合覆盖全部目标点且同时有最大的效用总和;其次,为了使得每个可行集合确保网络的覆盖和连通性,将节能覆盖问题扩展为一个寿命覆盖和连通性问题,并对此提出了一种由覆盖阶段、连通性阶段和冗余传感器减少阶段构成的贪婪迭代启发式算法来求解此问题,以找到不相交活跃(可行)集合的最大数目并相继激活这些集合,从而得到延长的网络寿命R。实验结果表明,提出的算法在网络寿命和能量效率性能方面非常接近最优解,而且网络寿命与WSN中的传感器节点数目成线性关系。In order to maximize the lifetime of wireless sensor network(WSN),a lifetime maximization strategy to ensure coverage and connectivity in WSN is proposed in this paper.First of all,the problem is considered as an energy-saving coverage problem and formulated using integer linear programming technique,and a feasible set containing the minimum number of sensors is obtained.These feasible sets cover all the target points and have the largest sum of utility at the same time.Secondly,in order to ensure each feasible set has the coverage and connectivity of the network,the energy-saving coverage problem is extended to a lifetime coverage and connectivity problem.A greedy iterative heuristic algorithm,which is composed of coverage phase,connectivity phase and redundant sensor reduction phase,is used to solve this problem in order to find the maximum number of disjoint active(feasible)sets and to activate them successively.Thus,the extended network lifetime R is obtained.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is very close to the optimal solution in terms of network lifetime and energy efficiency performance,and the network lifetime is linearly related to the number of sensor nodes in WSN.

关 键 词：无线传感网络 节能覆盖 连通性 集合 整数线性规划 贪婪迭代 网络寿命 

分 类 号：TP212.9[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TN929.5[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]