花岗岩电镜扫描图像二值化阈值对分形维数影响的研究  

The Influence of the Binaryzation Threshold on Fractal Dimension of SEM Images for Granite

作　　者：申科 付厚利[3] 秦哲 王强 张立博 SHEN Ke;FU Houli;QIN Zhe;WANG Qiang;ZHANG Libo(Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590;Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Disaster Prevention and Reduction,Qingdao,Shandong 266590;Linyi University,Linyi,Shandong 276000)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东省防灾减灾重点实验室,山东青岛266590 [3]临沂大学,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《地质与勘探》2019年第1期87-94,共8页Geology and Exploration

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(编号:ZR2017BEE014);山东科技大学人才引进科研启动基金(编号:2017RCJJ050)联合资助

摘　　要：电镜扫描应用于岩土工程研究,能观察到岩石的细观结构,从另一个视角揭示岩石力学机理。分形维数是对岩石表面不规则、非线性裂纹裂隙的定量描述,是一个重要的参数指标。本文首先通过花岗岩电镜扫描实验,获得了花岗岩细观图像;其次研究不同二值化阈值下的图像和分形维数,结果显示分形维数随二值化阈值增大而减小;最后,对比迭代法、双峰法和Otsu法三种求最佳二值化阈值方法,表明Otsu法简单易行,得到的图像能反映岩石表面细节,求出的分形维数具有参考对比价值。因此将Otsu法图像二值化阈值得到的分形维数作为对比参考的标准,对岩石细观研究具有重要的参考价值。The scanning electron microscope( SEM) can be applied to the study of geotechnical engineering. It permits to observe the mesoscopic structure of rock and reveal the mechanism of rock mechanics from another angle of view. Fractal dimension is a quantitative description of irregular and nonlinear cracks on the surface of rock,thus an important parameter index. This work first used scanning electron microscopy experiments to obtain microscopic images of granite. Secondly we studied the images with varied binarization thresholds and their fractal dimensions. The results demonstrate that the fractal dimension of the threshold decreases with the increase of the binarization threshold. Finally,we made a comparison of three kinds of methods,i. e.,the iteration,double peak,and Otsu,to find the best binarization threshold method. It shows that the Otsu method is simple and easy to operate,in which the obtained images can reflect the rock surface details,and the fractal dimension calculated has a reference and contrast value. Therefore,the fractal dimension from the Otsu method should be regarded as the standard of contrast reference,which is valuable for the study of details of rock structure.

关 键 词：电镜扫描 分形维数 岩石细观 MATLAB 二值化阈值 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] P588.121[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]