稀疏恢复空时自适应处理技术研究综述  

An Overview on Sparse Recovery Space-Time Adaptive Processing Technique

作　　者：段克清[1,2] 袁华东 许红[3] 谢文冲 王永良[1] DUAN Ke-qing;YUAN Hua-dong;XU Hong;XIE Wen-chong;WANG Yong-liang(Air Force Early Warning Academy,Wuhan,Hubei 430019,China;Electronic Engineering Department,Navy University of Engineering,Wuhan,Hubei 430033,China;School of Electronic and Communication Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]空军预警学院,湖北武汉430019 [2]中山大学电子与通信工程学院,广东广州510006 [3]海军工程大学电子工程学院,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《电子学报》2019年第3期748-756,共9页Acta Electronica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61871397;No.61501506)

摘　　要：相较于传统空时自适应处理(STAP)技术,稀疏恢复(SR)STAP技术在小样本条件下杂波抑制性能显著提升,因此适用于现实非均匀杂波环境.本文首先阐述了SR STAP基本原理,分析了机载雷达杂波空时稀疏特性;然后总结了SR STAP发展历史与现状,并在此基础上针对其相关科学问题进行了探讨,包括:空时谱估计还是杂波抑制、单观测样本还是多观测样本、白化还是置零、重构算法参数依赖还是不依赖、非平稳杂波下是否适用及干扰条件下是否可行;最后给出了当前SR STAP技术走向实用化过程中所面临的关键问题,即网格失配和空域误差影响,并分别讨论了无网格压缩感知和字典自校正的解决途径.Compared with conventional space-time adaptive processing(STAP) technique,sparse recovery(SR) STAP technique can significantly improve the clutter suppression performance in the case of limited training samples,and hence is well suited for practical non-homogeneous clutter environment.Firstly,the paper describes the principle of SR STAP,and analyzes the clutter sparsity in space-time plane for airborne radar.Then the development and current status of SR STAP is summarized.On this basis,some key issues about the technique are discussed which include space-time spectrum estimation or clutter suppression,single or multiple measurements,clutter whitening or nulling,parameter dependence or independence for recovery algorithms,whether applicable for non-stationary clutter environment,and whether feasible under the condition of jamming.Finally,key problems confronted in the real-world applications for sparse recovery STAP technique are presented,which include off-grid effect,influence of spatial errors,and huge computational cost.Meanwhile,effective ways including gridless compressive sensing and self-calibration of overcomplete dictionary are respectively discussed to solve above problems.

关 键 词：空时自适应处理 机载雷达 杂波抑制 稀疏恢复 非均匀杂波环境 无网格压缩感知 

分 类 号：TN957.51[电子电信—信号与信息处理]