自由的权衡——斯金纳与佩蒂特共和主义自由观的差异  

Balance of Freedom—On the Difference between Pettit's and Skinner's Ideas of Republican Liberty

作　　者：曹钦[1] CAO Qin(School of Philosophy,Nankai University)

机构地区：[1]南开大学哲学院

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2018年第6期67-76,共10页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"当代政治哲学中的共和主义理论研究"(16CZX045)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：佩蒂特以一种特定的自由观为基础,提出了一套完整的规范性共和主义理论,并影响到了另一位共和主义者斯金纳,使后者改变了自己的观点。现在,尽管两人的立场在很大程度上达成了一致,他们之间却仍然存在一些分歧。他们都认为支配和干涉两者均会妨碍公民的自由,但斯金纳认为干涉与支配是对自由同样严重的侵犯,而佩蒂特则主张说,与支配相比,干涉只是一种对自由较为次要的侵犯。因此,政府应当首先尽力消除支配,然后才能考虑减少干涉。然而,佩蒂特无法证明支配与干涉之间存在着他所说的差异,因此也就无法成功论证无支配相对于无干涉的绝对优先性。Philip Pettit,based on the characterisation of republican liberty,develops a normative republican theory.This affected another Republican,Quentin Skinner,which made him change his point of view.Although both of them analyze republican through the concept of freedom and have converged to a large extent,there are still some differences.They both agree that people’s freedom is violated by domination and interference.Skinner believes that interference and domination are equally serious violations of freedom.While Pettit argues that compared with domination,interference is only a secondary offence to liberty.Therefore,Pettit insists that government should first try its best to minimize domination before it can consider reducing interference.However Pettit could not prove that there is a difference between domination and interference,thus he could not successfully demonstrate the lexical priority of nondomination over noninterference.

关 键 词：共和主义 自由 佩蒂特 斯金纳 

分 类 号：D081[政治法律—政治学]