小麦异源细胞质对主要病害抗性影响的初步研究  

A Preliminary Study on the Effects of Alien Cytoplasms on the Resistance to the Major Diseases of Wheat

作　　者：徐乃瑜[1] 易自力 何瑞锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生物系

出　　处：《作物学报》1991年第5期326-339,共14页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科学基金和国家"七五"攻关项目(75-02-02-02)

摘　　要：在大田自然发病和人工诱发条件下,研究了小麦异源细胞质对条锈、叶锈、秆锈、白粉和赤霉5种主要小麦病害抗性的影响。结果表明在同核条件下,不同异源细胞质对同一病害抗(感)性的影响不同,同一种细胞质对不同病害抗(感)性的影响也不完全相同;并且在不同地区试验的结果有时也有差异。根据初步研究结果,无芒山羊草、拟斯卑尔脱山羊草、离果山羊草、卵圆山羊草、欧山羊草等细胞质材料比较抗白粉和赤霉等病害,在长江中下游地区是值得重视的一些有价值材料,今后若能进一步筛选好的核质组配类型,可能会得到更好的抗病类型和种质材料。The effects of alien cytoplasms on the resistance to the major diseases of wheat,including stripe rust,leaf rust,stem rust,powdery mildew and scab etc.,werestudied,under both naturally infected and artificially inoculated conditions.Theresults indicated that the resistance of different allo-cytoplasm,when combined withthe same nucleus,was different to the same disease;that the resistance of the samenucleus-allocytoplasm combination was different to different diseases.Differences werealso observed with the same nucleus-allocytoplasm-disease combination under differentconditions in different localities.It was found that the alien cytoplasm of Ae.mutica,Ae.speltoides,Ae.triuncialis,Ae.ovata,Ae.biuncialis etc.were comparativelyresistant to powdery mildew and scab and other diseases.They are valuable cytoplasmic materials worthy of attention in the middle andlower Yangtze River districts.Some better diseases-resistant types and germplasmscould probably obtained if good nucleu-cytoplasm combination could be selected inthe future.

关 键 词：小麦 异源细胞质 病害 抗性 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]