线粒体与多潜能干细胞功能  

Mitochondria and pluripotent stem cells function

作　　者：贾振伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学动物科技学院,通辽028043

出　　处：《遗传》2016年第7期603-611,共9页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(编号:2015MS0304)资助~~

摘　　要：线粒体是细胞内重要的细胞器,主要功能是通过氧化磷酸化为细胞生命活动提供能量。近年来,研究表明,在多潜能干细胞(Pluripotent stem cells,PSCs)中线粒体表现出独有的特征,即在多能性状态下,PSCs主要依靠糖酵解提供能量,其分化期间线粒体氧化磷酸化代谢能力逐渐增强。相反,体细胞重编程为多潜能干细胞期间,线粒体氧化磷酸化向糖酵解途径的转变是其成功重编程必需的代谢过程。另外,线粒体通过生物合成和形态结构的动态重塑维持了PSCs多能性、诱导分化及诱导多能干细胞(Induced pluripotent stem cells,i PSCs)的重编程。因此,本文综述了PSCs线粒体形态结构及其在调控PSCs多能性、合成代谢、氧化还原状态的平衡、分化及重新编程中的作用,为深入了解线粒体调控PSCs功能的作用提供理论基础。Mitochondria are important intracellular organelles which provide energy for cellular activities through oxidative phosphorylation. Recently, mitochondria have been shown to exhibit peculiar features in pluripotent stem cells(PSCs), namely, PSCs rely mainly on glycolysis for energy supply in pluripotent states while mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation function is gradually enhanced during PSCs differentiation. In contrast, during somatic reprogramming, the metabolic transition from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis is necessary for successful reprogramming. Moreover, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics are also actively involved in the maintenance of pluripotency, induction of differentiation and induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs) reprogramming. Here we reviewed mitochondrial structure and function in regulating PSCs pluripotency, anabolism, redox homeostasis, differentiation, and reprogramming, which may provide reference for further understanding the role of mitochondria in PSCs.

关 键 词：线粒体 多潜能干细胞 多能性 分化 重编程 

分 类 号：Q244[生物学—细胞生物学]