涡流室结构参数对小管径涡流管制冷性能影响的三维数值模拟  

Effect of Swirl Chamber Structure Parameters on Refrigeration Performance for Small Diameter Vortex Tube by 3D Numerical Simulation

作　　者：李龙 李言[1] 何望云[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2016年第3期528-539,共12页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(51475366);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20116118110005);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目(12JK0688);陕西省教育厅重点实验室科学研究计划项目(12JS072)

摘　　要：为提高小管径涡流管的制冷效率,以产生高速涡流和发生工质分离的涡流室为对象,分析了涡流室内工质分区域流动和组合涡流动的特点,并利用standard k-ε湍流模型实现了涡流室内工质的流动过程仿真.通过分析涡流室内工质速度场、温度场和压力场的变化情况,阐明了涡流室内工质分区域流动和组合涡流动的原因,以及这一流动形式与涡流管制冷性能的关系.在此基础上,讨论了涡流室结构参数对制冷性能的影响.其结果表明,为获得较低制冷温度和较高制冷效率,涡流室直径应取1.5~2倍的热端管管径,涡流室高度为1/6.67~1/5.71倍的热端管管径,同时流道喉部截面宽度应使涡流室最小进气面积为热端管横截面面积0.233倍.To improve the refrigeration performance of the small diameter vortex tube,with the swirl chamber to produce the high-speed rotational flow and generate the separation of working medium as the research object,this paper analyzes the characteristics of the partitioned flow and the combined vortex in the swirl chamber. At the same time the standard k-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the flow process of working medium in swirl chamber. The cause of the partitioned flow and combined vortex in the swirl chamber and the relationship between this flow patterns and the refrigeration performance are accounted for through the analysis of the changes in the working medium velocity,temperature and pressure. On the base of which,the effects of the swirl chamber structure parameters upon the refrigeration performance of the small diameter vortex tube are analyzed and discussed. The results indicate that,in order to obtain a lower temperature and higher refrigeration efficiency,the swirl chamber diameter can take1. 5 ~ 2 times of the hot tube diameter,and the height of the swirl chamber should be 1 /6. 67 ~1 /5. 71 times of the hot tube diameter. Meanwhile,for the width of the nozzle throat cross section the least inlet area should be 0. 233 times that of the hot tube cross-sectional area.

关 键 词：涡流管 数值模拟 涡流室 

分 类 号：TB65[一般工业技术—制冷工程]