不同生活条件下东方田鼠内脏器官比较  

Comparison of the Internal Organs of Microtus fortis calamorum in Different Habitats.

作　　者：胡忠军[1] 王勇[1] 张美文[1] 郭聪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长沙农业现代化研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2002年第5期5-8,共4页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技部"九五"攻关项目 (96-A2 3 -0 6-0 4);中国科学院知识创新项目 (KKSCX2 -SW -10 3 )资助。

摘　　要：Microtus fortis calamorum inhabit on the beach of Dongting Lake from winter to spring, and hereafter are forced to migrate into rice field by flood and live there until autumn usually. We had compared the viscera indices (viscera indices=viscera weight/body weight×100g, including heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach without content and testis) and intestinal tract length of M.fortis calamorum from the beach of Dongting Lake in spring, the rice field in autumn and laboratory populations. There were significant differences in the indices of liver, spleen, kidney and stomach of females among the three habitats, and so were the indices of heart, spleen, kidney, stomach and testis of males. The spleen indices of wild voles from the beach of Dongting Lake and rice field were conspicuously bigger than that of laboratory ones. The length of caecum, large+small intestine and total intestinal tract of wild voles were significantly longer than that of laboratory ones, and the length of caecum of voles from the beach of Dongting Lake were significantly longer than that of animals from the rice field. The results suggest that the bigger spleen of wild voles is probably an immunoreation to the infection of the animalcule and schistosome, and that the intestinal tract length is related to the food quality and the requirement of energy and nutrition. The caecum length extends with the increase of the cellulose in the food.Microtus fortis calamorum inhabit on the beach of Dongting Lake from winter to spring, and hereafter are forced to migrate into rice field by flood and live there until autumn usually. We had compared the viscera indices (viscera indices=viscera weight/body weight×100g, including heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach without content and testis) and intestinal tract length of M.fortis calamorum from the beach of Dongting Lake in spring, the rice field in autumn and laboratory populations. There were significant differences in the indices of liver, spleen, kidney and stomach of females among the three habitats, and so were the indices of heart, spleen, kidney, stomach and testis of males. The spleen indices of wild voles from the beach of Dongting Lake and rice field were conspicuously bigger than that of laboratory ones. The length of caecum, large+small intestine and total intestinal tract of wild voles were significantly longer than that of laboratory ones, and the length of caecum of voles from the beach of Dongting Lake were significantly longer than that of animals from the rice field. The results suggest that the bigger spleen of wild voles is probably an immunoreation to the infection of the animalcule and schistosome, and that the intestinal tract length is related to the food quality and the requirement of energy and nutrition. The caecum length extends with the increase of the cellulose in the food.

关 键 词：生活条件 东方田鼠 内脏器官 比较 生态适应 

分 类 号：Q959.8[生物学—动物学]