水稻田稗草叶片光合作用对开放式空气CO_2浓度增高(FACE)的适应  

Leaf photosynthetic acclimation of Echinochloa crusgalli grown in rice field to free air CO_2 enrichment (FACE).

作　　者：陈根云[1] 廖轶[1] 蔡时青[1] 曾青[2] 朱建国[2] 韩勇[2] 刘钢[2] 许大全[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所,上海200032 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2002年第10期1201-1204,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目 (KZCX2 40 8);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作研究资助项目 (4 0 12 0 14 0 817) .

摘　　要：于分蘖、拔节和抽穗 3个时期在空气CO2 浓度 (380 μmol·mol-1)下测定稻田中稗草叶片的净光合速率 (Pn) ,发现在开放式CO2 浓度增高 (FACE)条件下生长的稗草叶片后 2个时期的Pn显著低于普通空气中生长的对照 ,比对照下降约 2 0 % ,说明FACE条件下稗草叶片光合作用对高CO2 浓度发生了明显的适应 .同时 ,叶片的气孔导度 (Gs)和胞间CO2 浓度 (Ci)的下降更为明显 .与对照相比 ,叶片可溶性蛋白含量明显降低 ,拔节期只有对照的 6 2 .4 % ;高CO2 浓度下生长的稗草叶片Rubisco含量也降低 ,分蘖期和拔节期分别为对照的 87%和 84 % ,但其差异未达到显著水平 .可以认为 ,长期生长在高CO2 浓度下的C4植物稗草叶片光合作用的适应是叶片气孔部分关闭和可溶性蛋白含量下降的结果 .A comparative study was made between the leaves of Echinochloa crusgalli grown at 580 (FACE) and 380 (control, ambient air) μmol CO 2 mol -1 air by observation of net photosynthetic rates (Pn) and the contents of soluble protein and the key enzyme of photosynthetic carbon assimilation, Rubisco. When measured at the ambient air CO 2 concentration (380 μmol·mol -1 ), Pn were significantly lower in leaves grown under FACE conditions than that in those leaves grown in the ambient air.This indicates that photosynthetic acclimation to high CO 2 occurs in the leaves grown under FACE conditions. Also,the stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO 2 concentration (Ci) were decreased significantly in the leaves grown under FACE. The content of total soluble protein was much lower in the leaves grown under FACE conditions than that in the control, and the content of Rubisco was also decreased in the FACE leaves, but the difference was not significant.From these results it is deduced that the photosynthetic acclimation to high CO_2 in Echinochloa crusgalli leaves grown under FACE conditions is mainly related to the partial closure of stomata and the decrease in soluble protein containing some enzymes.

关 键 词：水稻田 稗草叶片 光合作用 空气CO2 浓度增高 FACE 适应 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]