开放式空气CO_2浓度增高对水稻产量形成的影响  

Effects of free-air CO_2 enrichment(FACE) on yield formation in rice (Oryza sativa).

作　　者：黄建晔[1] 杨洪建[1] 董桂春[1] 王余龙[1] 朱建国[2] 杨连新[1] 单玉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农业部作物栽培生理重点实验室,扬州225009 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2002年第10期1210-1214,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目 (KZCX 2 40 8);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作研究资助项目 (4 0 12 0 14 0 817) .

摘　　要：在大田栽培条件下 ,研究开放式空气CO2 浓度增加 (FACE) 2 0 0 μmol·mol-1的处理对水稻产量及产量构成因素的影响 .结果表明 ,FACE处理对水稻株高和主茎叶片数没有明显影响 ,但使水稻生育进程加快 ,全生育期显著缩短 ,增加施N量可减缓FACE处理对水稻全生育期缩短的程度 ;FACE处理能显著增加分蘖数 ,极显著增加穗数 ,提高结实率 ,但使每穗颖花数显著减少 ;FACE处理能显著提高水稻产量 ,在高N条件下增产幅度更大 ;提高FACE处理的每穗颖花数和单位面积颖花数能极显著提高水稻产量 ,增加施N量是提高FACE处理每穗颖花数和单位面积颖花数的重要措施 .Effect of Free-Air CO 2 enrichment (FACE,200μmol·mol~ -1 higher than CK) on rice yield and its components under field condition were studied with a Japonica variety 99-15. Results showed that FACE treatment had no obvious effect on plant height and number of leaves on main stem, but could quicken growth process of rice, shorten the whole growth duration. Increment of nitrogen application rate could weaken the effect of FACE on whole growth duration. The number of tillers and panicles, and fulfilled-grain percentage increased significantly under FACE treatment, whereas spikelets per panicle decreased.FACE treatment could significantly increase grain yield of rice, especially when higher rate of nitrogen fertilizer was applied.Increasing spikelets per panicle and spikelets per unit area under FACE treatment would result in marked increment of rice yield. Increasing nitrogen application rate was an important approach to increase spikelets per panicle and spikelets per unit area under FACE treatment.

关 键 词：开放式空气CO2浓度增高 水稻 产量构成因素 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]