我国东北地区黑腹果蝇P-M品系分布及P因子的入侵途径  

DISTRIBUTION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER P-M STRAINS IN NORTHEASTERN CHINA AND THE INVASION ROUTE OF P-ELEMENT

作　　者：邓玲玲[1] 曾庆韬[1] 钱远槐[1] 李守涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学生命科学学院,武汉430062

出　　处：《动物学报》2002年第5期633-640,共8页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目 (No .3 993 0 10 0 )资助~~

摘　　要：对我国东北地区及毗邻的北京、呼和浩特和烟台地区近两年收集的黑腹果蝇 (Drosophilamelanogaster)自然群体进行了有关P M杂种劣育的研究。用两类标准诊断杂交的方法测定了 15个地方 10 8个单雌系的P因子活性和细胞调控能力。结果表明 ,在 15个地方自然群体中 ,大连、烟台、延吉、长白及哈尔滨 5个地区为Q型 ,其余的均为M′型 ,没有P型。同时 ,这些自然群体的杂交A 的不育率也存在着地理性差异 :东南部地区 ,特别是沿渤海和中朝边境地区的品系以Q型为主 ,而中部和北部广大地区则以M′型为主。据此推断我国境内的P因子是由朝鲜半岛和日本分两路侵入 :一路从日本、朝鲜半岛经海路传递到沿海的烟台和大连地区 ,再由此向东北和南部地区入侵和扩散 ;另一路由朝鲜半岛侵入中朝边境的长白和延吉地区后 ,再向东北地区及内地入侵。两条路线在哈尔滨地区会合 ,使该地区品系的杂交A 的不育率升高。We reported the distribution of the P M system in Drosophila melanogaster strains from northeastern China, and identified the origin of the initial P element of China and the possible invading routes of P element in China. By using two standard diagnostics (cross A and cross A *) as the standard method of assays, we measured P element activity and cytotype regulatory ability of 108 isofemale lines of D.melanogaster strains from 15 local populations, which were collected in 1999 and 2000 in northeastern China. In terms of the P M system, five local populations including Dalian, Yantai, Yanji, Changbai and Haerbin mainly from the coastal areas and the areas near Korea were of the Q type and the rest were all of the M′type, but none was of the P type. We also found the geographical differentiation of the GD frequencies of the local strains in cross A *, which showed a gradational increase from southeast to northwest of northeast China and with the increase of latitude, on the other hand, the GD frequencies of the neighboring areas (i.e. Beijing and Huhehaote) was similar to that of the inland of northeastern China. In Korea and Japan, it was reported that the local strains were mainly Q type, and the strains from the areas along the coast of Bo Sea and near Korea is Q type. From these facts, it was concluded that there are two routes for the P elements initially invading China from Korea and Japan: one was from Korea and Japan to Dalian, Yantai by the sea, then spread to the northeast and south, and the other was from Korea to Changbai, Yanji, then to the northeastern areas and the extensive inland of China. The two routes were met in Haerbin area, which made the GD frequency in cross A * in this area much lower than that in the neighboring areas.

关 键 词：东北地区 黑腹果蝇 P-M品系 分布 杂种劣育 GD频率 细胞型 P因子入侵 

分 类 号：Q969.462.1[生物学—昆虫学]