新生儿猝死的表现及其死因与预防措施探讨  

Study on the clinical findings, causes and preventive measures of sudden death in newborn

作　　者：梁少霞[1] 麦智广[1] 卢咏雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市第一人民医院儿科,528000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2004年第4X期102-103,93,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:探讨新生儿猝死(SDN)的表现、死因和预防措施。方法:对比分析本院1例和文献报告的36例SDN资料。结果:SDN发生于医院的占86.48％,足月儿占72.97％,男婴占78.38％,顺产占43.224％。发病前表现为正常状态的占43.24％,吃奶减少的占32.43％,体温35.5℃~36.0℃和反应低下各占18.92％。发病时表现为呼吸心跳骤停型占40.54％,青紫型占35.14％,休克型占24.32％。经过尸检的30例死因为肺部感染占33.33％,颅内出血和脑水肿各占13.34％,先心病和死因不明各占10.00％,胃食管返流性窒息占6.67％。结论:SDN发生于医院内、足月顺产和状态正常的男婴,以呼吸心跳骤停为主,90％的死因是爆发型感染、脑部病变、心脏疾患和胃食管返流性窒息等。使用包括19个项目的剑桥婴儿评估方案(cambridge baby check)是较好的预防措施。Objective: To explore the clinical findings, causes and preventive measures of sudden death in newborn (SDN) . Methods: One case of SDN in our hospital was reported and 36 cases of SDN in literatures were reviewed. Results: 86. 48% of the SDN were found in hospital. The cases of mature and male baby accounted for 72. 97% and 78. 38% respectively, 43. 24% cases of SDN were labored normally. The cases of SDN, before suffering from the disease, having not been abnormal, eating less, having low temperature (35. 5℃-36. 0℃) and having low response to environment accounted for 43. 24%, 32. 43%, 18. 92% and 18. 92% respectively. The clinical findings of SDN were the breath and heartbeat stopped suddenly (40. 54%), cyanosis (35. 14%) and shock (24.32%) . The causes of 30 cases of SDN with anatomy were pneumonia (33.33%), hemorrhage in the grain (13.34%), edema of the brain (13.34%), congenital heart diseases (10.00%), uncertain cause (10.00%), asphyxia by gastro-oesophageal reflux (6. 67%) . Conclusion: The SDN were mainly found on the mature male baby, who were labored normally, look like normal before suffering from the disease and were found the breath and heartbeat stopped suddenly, in hospital; but 90% of them may be found the death causes. To take the Cambridge Baby Check (with 19 items) may be a good measure to prevent SDN.

关 键 词：猝死 表现 死因 预防 新生儿 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]