黄土丘陵沟壑区水土保持人工林减蚀效应研究  

THE SOIL EROSION REDUCING BENEFIT OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION OF PLANTATION ON THE LOESS HILLY AND GULLY REGION

作　　者：焦菊英[1] 王万忠[1] 李靖[2] 杨亚莉 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学,杨凌712100 [3]陕西省铜川市果树研究中心,铜川727007

出　　处：《林业科学》2002年第5期87-94,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目"西部生态环境演变规律与水土资源可持续利用研究"No.KZCX1-10-04;陕西省自然科学研究计划项目"黄土高原不同条件下林草水土保持有效盖度与覆盖率研究";西北农林科技大学科研专项重点项目"黄土高原林草水土保持有效盖度及其与土壤因子的关系"。

摘　　要：根据黄土高原绥德、延安、离石、安塞等地的径流小区观测资料 ,以降雨指标大于坡耕地侵蚀性降雨标准为条件 ,即PI30 >3 2 0mm2 ·min- 1 和I30 >0 2 8mm·min- 1 ,分析了不同次降雨条件下人工林地相对于坡耕地的减水减沙效益 ,及整地工程对林地减蚀作用的影响 ,建立了不同降雨条件下不同盖度林地减水减沙效益的关系式 (V =0～ 10 0 ;PI30 =3 2 0～ 10 0mm2 ·min- 1 ) :R% =16 0 4 2 6 - 2 8 90 6 4 4 (1 V) - 37.4 4 2log(PI30 ·V) ,r =0 .835 ,　n =88S% =16 1 95 3- 31 0 3189(1 V) - 30 .985log(PI30 ·V) ,r=0 .6 82 ,　nBased on the runoff plots in Suide, Yan'an, Lishi and Ansai area on the Loess Plateau, the benefits of runoff and sediment reducing by woodland and the effective converage of woodland for soil and water conservation under different rainfall conditions were analyzed in the condition that rainfall index used in the analysis is bigger than that of erosive criterion of sloping field, i.e. PI 30 >3 20?mm 2·min -1 & I 30 >0 28?mm·min -1 ; and the effects of preparing works to erosion reducing for soil water conservation of woodland were discussed. The soil and water conservation index of woodland with different coverage in different rainfall conditions were established ( V=0～100;PI 30 =3 20～100?mm 2·min -1 ):R %=160 426-28 906 44(1/V)-37.442 log (PI 30 ·V), r=0.835  , n=88 S %=161 953-31 031 89(1/V)-30.985 log (PI 30 ·V), r=0.682  , n=88

关 键 词：黄土高原 人工林地 水土保持 减水减沙效益 

分 类 号：S727.22[农业科学—林木遗传育种]