试论巴西现代化进程中的社会变化  

SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN BRAZIL'S MODERNIZATION PROCESS

作　　者：张宝宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所学术委员会,主任研究员北京100007

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2002年第3期7-14,57,共9页Journal of Latin American Studies

摘　　要：以工业化为标志的现代化进程不仅改变了巴西的工业结构和增大了国民经济总量 ,而且也深刻地影响了社会、政治、文化等方面。它改变了社会阶级构成。受教育因素的影响 ,增加了代际流动和代内流动中的上向流动 ;使人口增长结构发生变化 ;不同经济周期的形成促进了国内人口流动方向上的改变 ,形成不同的“移民轴心”,90年代后国内移民方向发生改变 ;促使就业的部门结构、地理结构和性别结构发生变化 。Since the 1930s modernization process characterized by the industrialization drive has not only changed Brazil's industrial structures and increased its economic size, but also transformed its social fabrications. This transformation is reflected in the following: 1) Social mobility is swift and social structures are different from the past. 2) Both population growth rate and mortality rate have been reduced. 3) The share of economic active population in total industrial employment has moved towards declining after its initial rise, and women participation rate in the labor market and employment in the informal sector are on the rise. 4) Ways of thinking and life are changing. For instance, legal marriages rate is decreasing; fewer people are believing in Catholics; males are undertaking more house work, and fast food industry develops rapidly.

关 键 词：巴西 社会变化 现代化进程 代际流动 代内流动 移民轴心 工业化 

分 类 号：F477.7[经济管理—产业经济]