粘度法研究高分子溶液行为的实验改进(Ⅱ)  

Improvement on the Viscosity Determination of Polymer Solutions by Ubbelohde-type Viscometer(Ⅱ)

作　　者：杨海洋[1] 李浩[1] 朱平平[1] 朱清仁[2] 范成高[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学高分子科学与工程系,理化中心合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学,理化中心合肥230026 [3]中国科学技术大学理化中心,合肥230026

出　　处：《化学通报》2002年第9期631-634,共4页Chemistry

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金 (0 0 0 4 6 310 );中国科学技术大学青年基金 (KB30 0 9)资助项目

摘　　要：高分子在粘度计毛细管管壁上的吸附不仅会导致毛细管有效管径减小 ,而且可以导致毛细管界面性质发生显著改变 ,具体表现为测定高分子溶液流过时间t之前和之后纯溶剂的流过时间t0和t0 ′与高分子溶液流过时间t对浓度作图外推到浓度为零时的值t 0 并不一致。不同温度时聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP)水溶液粘度测定结果表明 ,当吸附高分子显著改变了毛细管界面性质时 ,需要将高分子溶液粘度测定方法由t t0 ′改为t t 0 。经过改进的粘度测定方法不仅更加普适合理 。Due to the adsorption of the polymer molecules on the walls of viscometer capillary, both the effective diameter and the wall surface property of viscometer capillary have been changed. As a result, the flow time of the pure solvent, namely t 0 and t 0′, obtained before and after the flow time of polymer solution, namely t , had been determined, was not the same as t  0, obtained by extrapolating to zero concentration according to the relationship between the flow time of polymer solution and concentration of polymer in solution. Viscometric study of poly( N vinyl 2 pyrrolidone)(PVP) in aqueous solution at different temperatures indicated that the influence of the capillary wall surface property upon the viscosity of polymer solution could be deleted completely if the viscosity of polymer solution was determined as t/t  0, instead of by t/t 0′ . Of peculiar interest was that the improved viscosity measurement procedure had proved to be not only a more reasonable but also a more convenient technique to determine the viscosity of polymer solution.

关 键 词：粘度法 实验改进 高分子溶液 粘度测定 高分子吸附层 界面效应 

分 类 号：O631.4[理学—高分子化学]