上海地区2～13岁女童乳房发育调查  

A survey of the breast development among 2～13 years old girls in Shanghai area

作　　者：倪继红[1] 王德芬[1] 王伟[1] 何清波[2] 崔贻芬[1] 林筱明[1] 屠菊薇 卢伯良 王秀民[1] 江静[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海第二医科大学附属瑞金医院青少年生长发育中心,200025 [2]上海第二医科大学生物统计教研室 [3]金山县妇幼保健院 [4]松江县方塔医院

出　　处：《中华内分泌代谢杂志》2002年第4期297-299,共3页Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

摘　　要：目的　调查上海地区 2～ 13岁女童乳房发育的发生率 ,初始乳房发育的平均年龄及与乳房发育的相关因素。方法　对 11132名上海市区及郊区 2～ 13岁女童进行乳房发育调查 ,并发调查问卷。乳房以Tanner标准划为 5期 (B1～B5)。结果　 (1)乳房发育 2～ 3、4～ 7、8～ 9、10～ 13岁组中各占 0 .9%、1.7%、19.0 %及 72 .4 %。 (2 ) 2～ 13岁女童乳房初始发育 (B2 )年龄为 (10 .2± 1.8)岁。 (3) 8岁前乳房早发育郊区、市区分别为 2 .4 %及 1.0 %。 (4)母亲初潮早、女童荤食多、食欲好、服滋补药诸多因素对乳房早发育有作用。 (5 ) 4～ 7岁乳房早发育者 37例的资料分析 ,身高 >1SD者占 30 % ,骨龄>实龄者 6 8% ,B超卵巢有≥ 5mm卵泡者 5 2 % ,LHRH激发试验FSH峰值 >LH者 90 %。结论　 4～ 7岁女童乳房早发育大多有青春发育前期表现 ,应跟踪随访 ,根据进程快慢决定抑制性干预与否。Objective To investigate frequency and mean age of thelarche and the related factors among 2～13 years old girls in Shanghai area. Methods Total 11132 girls from urban and rural areas in Shanghai were investigated. The standard of breast development was according to Tanner scale (B 1～B 5). Various factors suspected to enhance the female breast development were nominated from the questionaires answered by their parents. Results (1) Frequencies of breast development among age groups of 2～3, 4～7, 8～9 and 10～13 years were 0.9%, 1.7%, 19.0% and 72.4% respectively. (2) Mean age of thelarche (B 2) among 2～13 years old girls was (10.2±1.8)years. (3) Frequencies of premature thelarche in girls under 8 years old were 2.4% (rural) and 1.0% (urban). (4) Factors suspected playing roles in the onset of thelarche in girls were, in terms of their order, as maternal menarche age, intake of high animal protein foods, increased appetite, more supplementary tonic or nourishing supplies. (5) Survey of 37 girls with premature thelarche showed that 30% of them with body height>1SD, 68% with bone age>actual age, 52% with ovary follicles diameter≥5 mm by ultrasound examination and 90% with peak response of FSH>LH by LHRH stimulating test. Conclusion Girls aged 4～7 years with premature thelarche are mostly associated with other signs suspected of initiation of central precocious puberty, which needs close observation and intervention if it is necessary. The latter is indicated to those with accelerated proceeding in their sexual development.

关 键 词：上海 女童 乳房发育 青春期 早熟 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]