辽宁省支气管哮喘流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey on bronchial asthma in Liaoning province

作　　者：陈萍[1] 谢华[1] 吴志家[1] 于润江[2] 侯显明[2] 孔令菲[2] 王琳[2] 谭朴泉[3] 李胜岐[3] 赵立[3] 李永春[4] 柴文戍[4] 于日新[5] 王衍富[5] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳军区总医院呼吸内科,沈阳110016 [2]中国医科大学附属第一医院呼吸疾病研究所 [3]中国医科大学附属第二医院呼吸内科 [4]锦州医学院附属医院呼吸科 [5]大连医科大学附属第一医院呼吸科

出　　处：《中华结核和呼吸杂志》2002年第10期602-606,共5页Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目 ( 9810 50 0 80 4 )

摘　　要：目的　估算 1 999年辽宁省城市和农村人群哮喘现患病率、评估哮喘患病的危险因素、诊治现状 ,为哮喘人群防治提供依据。方法　以分层整群不等比随机抽样对照方法调查 1 1 6 2 76人 ,依据病史、体征、肺功能检查确诊哮喘患者。单因素分析用于评价哮喘的危险因素。结果　全省现患病率为 1 2 5 % ,男、女比为 1∶1 64。儿童为 0 48% ,成人为 1 39%。起病高峰期为 0～ 1 4岁 ,38 6 %哮喘患者在此期起病 ,农民、养殖业和干部患病率高。农村 (1 89% )患病率高于城市 (0 81 % ) ,沈阳地区 (1 66 % )高于大连 (0 88% )和锦州地区 (0 71 % )。2 4 7%的哮喘患者有家族史 ,2 0 4%有过敏史 ,过敏性鼻炎OR值为 6 2 8。 2 6 0 %有吸烟史 ,燃油者OR值为 5 94。感冒、接触冷空气、吸入刺激性气体、接触油烟为前 4位诱因 ,2 4 4%的哮喘患者合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)。哮喘患者中由本次调查首次确诊者为 57 5 % ,曾应用吸入糖皮质激素者为 6 4% ,曾口服茶碱者为 44 7%。结论　本次调查基本反映了辽宁省哮喘的流行情况 ,以此估算全省哮喘患者约 52 97万例 。Objective To survey the prevalence of asthma in urban and rural residents of Liaoning province in 1999 and evaluate the risk factors for asthma, providing data for research and preventive and therapeutic policies for control of asthma Methods Stratified cluster disproportional random sampling survey was performed in 116 276 residents by common protocols and questionnaire Asthma was diagnosed based upon case history, clinical signs and lung function tests Univariate analysis was employed to evaluate the risk factors for asthma Results The overall prevalence of asthma in Liaoning province was 1 25%, the male to female ratio being 1∶1 64 The prevalence of asthma in adults was 1 39% and that in children was 0 48% The onset of asthma occurring in children under the age of 14 accounted for 38 63% of the whole patients The prevalence was higher in peasants, animal breeders and government officials The prevalence in the rural area (1 89%) was higher than that in the urban area (0 81%) ( P <0 01) The prevalence in Shenyang city (1 66%) was higher than those in Dalian city(0 88%) ( P <0 01) and Jinzhou (0 71%) ( P <0 01) city Risk factor analysis showed that 24 7% of the asthmatics had family history; 20 4% had allergic history, the OR of allergic rhinitis being 6 28;26 0% had smoking history; the OR of cooking oil smoke exposure was 5 94 Asthmatic attack was induced by influenza, cold air, irritant gases and cooking oil smoke in 52 3% ～ 63 3% of the patients Asthma induced by exercising, fatigue, emotion and allergy was found in more than 41 3% of the patients Conclusions Our epidemiologic data reflected the general distribution of asthma in Liaoning province

关 键 词：辽宁 支气管哮喘 流行病学 危险因素 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]