多胚水稻未受精子房和花药培养  

CULTURE OF UNFERTILIZED OVARIES AND ANTHERS OF THE POLYEMBRYONIC RICE

作　　者：蔡得田[1] 祝虹[1] 姚家琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农学系,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》1991年第3期228-232,T001,共6页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

摘　　要：多胚水稻具有无融合生殖的特性,为了探讨对它进行遗传操作的可能性,进行了多胚水稻未受精子房和花药培养。从胚囊愈伤组织和花粉愈伤组织分化出小植株,并且研究了影响培养效果的几种因素.培养基 C17诱导胚囊愈伤组织和花粉愈伤组织形成均较 N6为佳;粳型品系阿里希斯尼和陆52的胚囊愈伤组织和花粉愈伤组织诱导率均较籼型品系双13、双3高;陆52的胚囊愈伤组织诱导率最高的达4. 9%;阿里希斯尼的花粉愈伤组织诱导率最高,达24. 3%;籼型品系双3的胚囊和花粉愈伤组织诱导率明显高于双13。用正季栽培材料、花粉二核初期接种对诱导胚囊愈伤组织有利;花粉单核中期接种对诱导花粉愈伤组织有利。经染色体检查证实胚囊植株、花粉植株为单倍体,2n=x=12。Culture of unfertilized ovaries are used not only for haploid breeding,but may be also used as receptor in enetic engineering.The polyembryonic rice is apomictic.Toknow its possible utilization in genetic anipulation,culture f the unfertilized ovaries andanthers of polyembryonic rice was carried out.Plantlets were differentiated from the calli fembryo sac and pollen.Several factors affecting the culture were studied.Medium C17 was better than medium N6 or nducing embryo sac and pollen calli.All thefour varieties of polyembryonic rice with different genotypes formed calli f mbryo sac andpollen,but their inducing frequencies were different.The inducing frequencies of the Japenicavarieties licesny and Land No.52 were higher than those of the Indian varieties Twin 13 andTwin 3. The inducing frequency of mbryo sac calli of Land No.52 was the highest up to4. 9%.The pollen calli frequency of Alicesny was the highest up o 4. 3%.The inducingfrequencies of embryo sac and pollen calli of Twin 3 were apparently higher than that of Twin13. oner plants of the same cultivar grown in different seasons had different inducingfrequencies of embryo sac and ollen calli.The inducing frequency of the doner plants grown innormal season was the highest.The inducing requency f the plants grown in greenhouse inwinter was the lowest.The response of materials derived from different eveloping tages of thesame cultivar also varied.Material of early binucleate pollen stage was better for inducingembryo sac alli;the material of middle uninucleate pollen stage was better for inducing pollencalli.However,the inducing requency of embryo sac calli was not correlated with the formationof twin seedling.Twin 13 with the highest twin eedling frequency was the lowest in inducingfrequency.

关 键 词：多胚水稻 子房培养 花药培养 水稻 

分 类 号：S511.103.5[农业科学—作物学]