北京市火险气象等级预警数值模拟研究  

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF WEATHER FIRE GRADE IN BEIJING

作　　者：高歌[1] 祝昌汉[1] 张洪涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家气候中心,北京100081 [2]山西省卫星遥感减灾服务中心,太原030002

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2002年第5期609-620,共12页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家"九.五"攻关项目 96 90 8 0 4 0 7专题资助。

摘　　要：利用考虑了森林植被效应的M γ尺度三维准静力平衡大气 土壤耦合模式 ,对北京市各气象要素场进行了数值模拟试验 ,并在此基础上 ,给出了火险气象等级的空间分布。结果表明 ,各气象要素场的模拟效果较好 ,并能正确反映城市和山区不同下垫面上的一些基本气候特点和变化规律 ;火险气象等级的界定也较为合理 ,结果能够较真实地反映出北京市的火险空间分布情况 ,从而具有一定为城市火灾预警及减灾提供科学依据的能力。By use of a three dimensional air-soil coupling model on M-γ scale,in which the effect of vegetation is considered, some fields of meteorological elements such as temperature, humid and wind, are simulated; further, the weather fire grade in Beijing is calculated. Result shows that the simulated element fields reflect certain specific basic climatic features and variation rules over different surfaces rightly. In addition, the criteria of the weather fire grade are verified reasonable and the simulation of the weather fire grade can show the distribution and intensity of fire danger clearly with high spatial and temporal resolution. The study provides scientific evidences for urban fire monitoring and reduction.

关 键 词：北京市 火险气象等级 数值模拟 大气-土壤耦合模式 森林 下垫面 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]