清洁生产思维下的环境影响评价程序  

EIA procedure under the thinking of clean in production

作　　者：何德文[1] 柴立元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与工程系,长沙410083

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2002年第11期34-36,共3页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：中南大学青年科学研究基金项目;2 0 0 1

摘　　要：我国的项目环境影响评价是在建设项目的可行性研究阶段进行的 ,评价的重点放在污染防治设施的规模、资金和性能上 ,提出的治理措施是通过“三同时”制度保证实施。很明显 ,项目环境影响评价制度追求的是“末端治理”设施的功效是否得以实现 ,污染物是否达标排放 ,而忽视了主体生产工程本身的环保措施及生产过程中消减污染物的潜力和机会 ,即清洁生产的机会。基于项目环境影响评价的上述不足 ,阐述了清洁生产的概念及实施意义 ,分析了清洁生产观念对环境影响评价的影响 ,即对建设项目的环境影响评价应扩大到项目的立项到实施全过程 ,对产品设计、原材料选用、工艺设计、技术选择和能源消耗等等方面进行清洁生产审计 ,发现潜在的清洁生产机会并提出相应的清洁生产措施 ,同时通过“三同时”制度建立了清洁生产思维下的环境影响评价程序 。The project environmental impact assessment (EIA) is usually carried out at the stage of the feasibility study of the construction project in China.The emphasis of the assessment is always put on the scale,funds and capability of the pollution control facilities and the proposed control measures are finally ensured and conducted by the system of 'three concurrents'.Obviously,the purpose of EIA system is to pursue whether the effects of the terminal control facilities are realized and whether the discharged pollutants reach the standard.However,it ignores the environment protection measures of the principal production engineering itself and the potentiality and apportunity to eliminate the pollutants in the process of production.Based on the abovementioned shortages of the project EIA,the concept of clean in production and its implementary significance are put forward and the impact of EIA on the concept of clean in production is analysed.

关 键 词：清洁生产 环境影响评价 可持续发展 污染源控制 环境保护 

分 类 号：X820[环境科学与工程—环境工程]