不同类型水稻品种间根系性状的差异  

Study on the Differences of Root Traits between Various Types of Varieties in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

作　　者：董桂春[1] 王余龙[1] 王坚刚[1] 单玉华[1] 马爱京 杨洪建[1] 张传胜[1] 蔡惠荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农业部作物栽培生理重点开放实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《作物学报》2002年第6期749-755,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：江苏省教育厅资助项目 ( 0 0 KJB2 10 0 7)

摘　　要：在群体水培条件下 ,选用包括常规籼稻、常规粳稻、广亲和品种、三系杂交籼稻、杂交粳稻、两系法杂交稻在内的 92个水稻品种 (组合 ) ,研究不同类型水稻品种间每株不定根数、每株根干重、每株不定根总长度、每条不定根长、最长根长、每条不定根粗、每条不定根重、单位长度不定根重、单位干重根系活性、每株根系活性、根系吸收总面积、根系活跃吸收面积等 12个根系性状的差异。结果表明 :(1)多数根系形态性状及根系吸收面积的顺序为两系法杂交稻>杂交籼稻 >杂交粳稻 >常规籼稻 >常规粳稻 >广亲和品种 ,根系活性的顺序为三系杂交籼稻 >杂交粳稻 >常规籼稻>常规粳稻 >两系法杂交稻 >广亲和品种 ;(2 )杂交水稻的每株根干重、每株不定根总长、每条不定根长、最长根长、每株根系活性、根系活跃吸收面积显著或极显著地高于常规水稻 ,单位长度根重则显著低于常规水稻 ;(3)籼型水稻的每株根干重、最长根长、每条不定根粗、每条不定根重、单位长度根重、每株根系活性、根系活跃吸收面积显著或极显著地大于粳型水稻 ;(4 )随着水稻品种产量水平的提高 。92rice varieties and hybrid combinations, classified into 6 types-conventional Indica rice (Ⅰ), conventional Japonica rice(Ⅱ), widely compatible varieties(Ⅲ), three line hybrid Indica rice(Ⅳ), hybrid Japonica rice(Ⅴ) and two line hybrid rice(Ⅵ), were solution-cultured to investigated the differences of root traits between various types of rice. The root traits tested in this study included number of adventitious roots per plant (NARP), root dry weight per plant (RDWP), total length of adventitious roots per plant (TLRP), length per adventitious root (LPAR), length of longest adventitious root (LLAR), diameter per adventitious root (DPAR), dry weight per adventitious root (DWAR), dry weight per unit length of adventitious root (DWPL), root activity per unit dry weight of adventitious roots (RADW), root activity per plant (RAPP), total root absorption area (TRAA), and root active absorption area (RAAA). Results showed that two line hybrid rice (Ⅵ) ranked the top, followed successively by Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, in most traits relevant to root morphometrics and absorption area, while three line Indica hybrid rice (Ⅳ) ranked first in root physiological activity, followed successively by Ⅴ, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅵ, Ⅲ. RDWP, TLRP, LPAR, LLAR, RAPP, RAAA of hybrid rice were significantly higher (P<0.01 or P<0.05) than those of conventional rice, but DWPL of hybrid rice was significantly lower, compared with conventional rice. RDWP, LLAR, DPAR, DWAR, DWPL, RADW, RAAA for Indica rice were higher than those for Japonica rice. As grain yield increased, root traits became finer.

关 键 词：根系性状 水稻 品种类型 根系活性 品种差异 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]