CO_2浓度和氮素水平对春小麦水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of CO_2 Concentration and Nitrogen Level on Water Use Efficiency in Spring Wheat

作　　者：李伏生[1] 康绍忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [2]西北农林科技大学教育部旱区农业水土工程重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《作物学报》2002年第6期835-840,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重大基础研究计划项目 ( G19990 1170 8)

摘　　要：试验设 35 0和 70 0μm ol m ol- 1 2种 CO2 浓度水平和 0、 5 0、 10 0、 15 0、 2 0 0 m g N kg- 1 土 5种 N肥施用水平。结果表明 ,CO2 浓度增加对春小麦 (Triticum aestivum L . cv. Dingxi No.86 5 4)地上部干物重、蒸散量 (ET)和冠层水分利用效率 (WU E)影响均决定于土壤氮素水平。高氮处理地上部干物重和冠层 WUE明显增加 ,而 ET值减少不明显 ;低氮处理 ET值明显降低 ,但地上部干物重和冠层 WU E增加不明显。 CO2 浓度增高 ,根干物重和根冠比并不明显增加 ,相反不施氮处理根干物重略有降低 ,而根冠比明显下降。此外 ,氮肥施用对春小麦冠层 WU E有显著影响 ,在一定氮肥用量范围内 。Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Dingxi No.8654) was treated with 350 and 700 μmol mol -1 of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and five rates of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg N kg -1 soil). The results show that the effects of enriched CO 2 concentration on shoot dry mass, evapotranspiration (ET) and canopy water use efficiency (WUE) depend on soil nitrogen level. In high N treatment, shoot dry mass and canopy WUE increase significantly, but ET reduces; while in low N treatment, ET increases significantly, but shoot dry mass and canopy WUE does not enhance significantly. Under high CO 2 concentration root dry mass and root/shoot ratio does not increase, on the contrary, root dry mass decreases slightly and root/shoot ratio reduces significantly due to CO 2 enrichment in no N added treatment. In addition, the effect of N application on canopy WUE is markedly significant. In certain range of nitrogen fertilizer application rates, crop WUE increases significantly with the increase of N application.

关 键 词：氮素水平 春小麦 水分利用效率 二氧化碳浓度 作物蒸散量 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]