深海载人潜水器的现状与展望  

Technical Status and Development Trend of the Deep-sea Manned Submersible

作　　者：刘峰 Liu Feng(China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association, Beijing 100860, China)

机构地区：[1]中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会,北京100860

出　　处：《工程研究（跨学科视野中的工程）》2016年第2期172-178,共7页JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING STUDIES

基　　金：863项目:7000米载人潜水器(2002AA401000),载人潜水器1000米海上试验研究(2009AA093201),载人潜水器关键技术改进与3000米海试研究(2010AA094001),“蛟龙号”载人潜水器技术改及5000-7000米海上试验(2011AA09A101);973项目:超深渊生物群落及其与关键环境要素互作机制研究(2015CB755900)

摘　　要：深海载人潜水器不仅对科学界认知和研究海洋做出过杰出的贡献,而且在军事界也产生过轰动一时的影响。由于深海载人潜水器能够把科学家带入海底,最直接地对深海各种现象开展观察和研究,它们在深海环境研究、深海生物科学研究、以及新兴的深渊科学研究中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文简要回顾了深海载人潜水器的发展历程,对国际上近年来仍然比较活跃的10余艘深海载人潜水器的技术性能和应用情况进行了分析对比,展望了深海载人潜水器的发展趋势。Deep-sea manned submersible not only had made outstanding contributions to the deep-seaknowledge accumulation in marine science society, but also had very sensational influence in military affairs.Since the manned submersible is capable to bring scientists to the bottom of the sea, therefore various observationsand studies can be carried out in-situ, which circumstance can hardly be simulated in a laboratory. The mannedsubmersible have been playing an increasingly important role in deep sea environment research, deep sea biologicalresearch, deep sea resource study, as well as in the emerging field of hadal ecological study. This article brieflyreviews the development of the world famous deep-sea manned submersibles. Then analysis and comparisons oftheir technical specifications, diving practice of the most active 10 submersibles in the world are described. Finally,development trend of deep-sea manned submersibles is prospected.

关 键 词：深海 载人潜水器 蛟龙号 深渊科学 

分 类 号：P754.3[天文地球—海洋科学]