饲料丙二醛对草鱼生长、肝胰脏及肠道结构和功能的影响  

EFFECTS OF MDA ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF HEPATOPANCREAS AND INTESTINE OF GRASS CARP(CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS)

作　　者：陈科全[1] 叶元土[1] 蔡春芳[1] 吴萍[1] 黄雨薇[1] 吴韬[1] 林秀秀[1] 罗其刚 张宝彤 萧培珍[1,2] 周亚琴[1] CHEN Ke-Quan;YE Yuan-Tu;CAI Chun-Fang;WU Ping;HUANG Yu-Wei;WU Tao;LIN Xiu-Xiu;LUO Qi-Gang;ZHANG Bao-Tong;XIAO Pei-Zhen;ZHOU Ya-Qin(Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition In Jiangsu Province, Preclinical Medicine and Biological Science College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition Research System, Beijing Institute of Nutrition, Beijing 100000, China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学基础医学与生物科学学院,江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,苏州215123 [2]北京营养源研究所,水产动物系统营养研究开放实验室,北京100000

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2016年第4期779-792,共14页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31172417);苏州市应用基础研究项目(SYN201316)资助~~

摘　　要：为了探讨丙二醛(MDA)对草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idellus(74.82±1.49)g生长、肝胰脏及肠道结构和功能的影响并初步对比MDA与其他油脂氧化产物的毒副作用,本试验以新鲜豆油、低氧化程度的鱼油为饲料脂肪源,制成豆油组(S组)、鱼油组(F组),并在豆油组中喷涂不同浓度的MDA,制成MDA水平为61.59(M1组)、123.92(M2组)、185.04(M3组)mg/kg的5种等氮等能的试验饲料。经72d池塘网箱养殖后,试验结果显示:(1)饲料中MDA及油脂其他氧化产物均可显著增加草鱼饲料系数(FCR)(P<0.05),显著降低特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质沉积率(PRR)(P<0.05),MDA还可显著降低草鱼脂肪沉积率(LRR)(P<0.05);(2)饲料中MDA及油脂其他氧化产物均可显著降低血清总胆汁酸(TBA)含量(P<0.05),并使血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、MDA含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)酶活性显著上升(P<0.05),饲料中MDA还可显著增加血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)含量(P<0.05),显著降低血清高密度脂蛋白与低密度脂蛋白之比(HDL/LDL)、白蛋白与球蛋白之比(A/G)比值(P<0.05);(3)饲料中MDA及油脂及其他氧化产物会显著增加肝胰脏脂肪(P<0.05),且MDA还会显著增加肝胰脏SOD含量(P<0.05),导致草鱼肝胰脏氧化应激;(4)饲料中MDA会损伤肝胰脏细胞线粒体,降低细胞核数量,使肝胰脏细胞有明显纤维化趋势;(5)饲料MDA及鱼油其他氧化产物均会引起草鱼肠道黏膜杯状细胞数量增加,损伤肠道微绒毛,并会损伤肠道紧密连接结构,增加肠道通透性,导致血清内毒素及D-乳酸含量显著增加(P<0.05)。上述结果表明:(1)饲料MDA会引起草鱼鱼体应激,并通过干扰正常胆汁酸循环来干扰草鱼对脂肪的消化吸收,最终导致草鱼生长性能下降;(2)MDA会引起肝胰脏氧化应激,并可通过损伤肝胰脏细胞线粒体内部结构来损伤草鱼肝胰脏,增加其发生脂肪性肝炎机率,而鱼油其他氧化产物则是通过影响线粒体膜结构改变线粒体形�The study investigated effects of MDA on the growth performance, structure and function of hepatopancreasand intestine of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and evaluated effects between MDA and other products of oxidizedfish oil. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were prepared with soybean oil, fish oil and different level ofMDA for a 72-day experiment. The results indicated that MDA and other products of oxidized fish oil both significantlyincreased the FCR of grass carp and decreased the SGR and PRR of grass carp (P<0.05). Only MDA significantlydecreased the LRR (P<0.05). Moreover, MDA and other products of oxidized fish oil both significantly decreasedthe TBA content in serum (P<0.05), and increased the content of TC, TG and MDA and the activity of SOD inserum (P<0.05). Only MDA significantly increased ALT content and decreased the radio between HDL and LDL inserum (P<0.05). MDA and other products of oxidized fish oil both significantly increased the lipid content of hepatopancreas(P<0.05) and stimulated the oxidative stress of hepatopancreas. MDA damaged the morphology in hepatopancreascell and significantly decreased the number of nucleus of hepatopancreas cell (P<0.05), which lead to the obviouslytrend of fibrosis of the hepatopancreas cell. MDA and other products of oxidized fish oil both significantly increasedthe number of goblet cells in the microvilli (P<0.05). To the permeability, serum D-lactic acid and endotoxinsignificantly increased because of the defect of the tight junction, the hyperplasia and edema of villi. In conclusion,MDA decrease the growth performance of grass carp by regulating the oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. MDA andother products of oxidized fish oil affect the hepatopancreas with different mechanism. Both MDA and other productsof oxidized fish oil can mediate the function of intestine.

关 键 词：血清 脂肪代谢 胆汁酸 线粒体 紧密连接 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]