Nar与Nxr:氮素循环中微生物关键酶研究进展  

Nar and Nxr: Key Enzymes in Microbiological Nitrogen Cycle

作　　者：单晓雨 张萌[1] 郑平[1] Shan Xiaoyu;Zhang Meng;Zheng Ping(Department of Environmental Engineering,College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院环境工程系,杭州310058

出　　处：《科技通报》2016年第7期202-206,共5页Bulletin of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51278457);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD21B04);浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(Z15E080001)

摘　　要：亚硝酸盐与硝酸盐之间的相互转化是氮素循环的重要环节,也是硝化作用、反硝化作用和厌氧氨氧化作用等微生物氮素循环过程的"交会点"。亚硝酸盐氧化还原酶(Nxr)和呼吸型硝酸盐还原酶(Nar)是微生物中催化亚硝酸盐氧化为硝酸盐及其逆过程的关键酶,二者在结构组成、空间位置、作用机制及系统发育等方面具有相似性。从以上几个方面对Nar和Nxr的研究进展进行了综述分析,以期加深对氮素循环微生物过程的认识。The transformation between nitrite and nitrate is recognized as a critical process inmicrobiological nitrogen cycle due to its intersectional role in nitrification, denitrification and anaerobicammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX). Nitrite oxidoreductase (Nxr) and respiratory nitrate reductase (Nar)are shown to be the key enzymes in the nitrite oxidation and nitrate reduction, which share significantsimilarities in various respects such as structural component, spacious distribution, functionalmechanism and phylogenic evolution. Based on the four perspectives above, a comparative analysis ofNar and Nxr was conducted to facilitate our understanding of the microbiological transformation ofnitrogen compounds.

关 键 词：氮素循环 NAR Nxr 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]