乡村世界遗产特征与价值研究  

Rural world heritage's characteristics and value

作　　者：周睿[1] 钟林生[1] 刘家明[1] ZHOU Rui;ZHONG Lin-sheng;LIU Jia-ming(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2016年第4期156-165,共10页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171435);云南省文物局项目

摘　　要：世界遗产缺乏对乡村类型遗产的划分导致对此类遗产特征与综合价值的把握不甚明确。乡村是由其所在地的自然基底要素、硬质要素和软质要素共同作用形成的综合体,记录了乡村人类活动的历史,表达了特定乡村地域的独特精神。文章筛选了28处独立且仍有人类活动的乡村世界遗产,通过梳理文献资料归纳了不同地域的乡村世界遗产特征,并且总结了乡村规划布局、文化艺术、杰出建筑和土地利用4大核心价值。进而指出,我国的乡村世界遗产申遗工作起步较晚,且地域局限、类型单一,未来乡村世界遗产申报可尝试从其他遗产亚类或者双遗产角度开展,发掘乡村地域的自然生态环境、手工业生产方式等价值,丰富我国乡村世界遗产类型和价值。并且,我国在城镇化进程中应当格外注重对乡村世界遗产的保护。Lack of a division of rural type in “World Heritage List”resultedin an unclear comprehension on characteristics and value of rural world heritage.Rural area consisted of natural elements, basic and auxiliary elements,which recorded history of rural human activities and expressed unique spiritin specific rural areas. Until recently, “World Heritage List”has inscribed28 rural world heritage sites which were independent from urban area or existedhuman activity. According to literature review, rural world heritage sitesshow different characteristics in geographical distribution, naming rules, andbelonging types. Besides, from the perspective of inscribe criteria, ruralworld heritage mainly embodied 4 kinds of heritage value in rural planninglayout, culture and art, outstanding construction and land use. The applicationto be rural world heritage properties in China started relatively late, and current sites were limited in small areas and fewer types. In the future,rural world heritage application should be carried out from a perspective ofother sub-categories or mix-heritage. The excavation heritage value on naturalecological environment, way of handicraft production, etc., would enrich thetypes and value of rural world heritage. Moreover, in the process of urbanizationin China, more attention should to be paid to the protection of ruralworld heritage.

关 键 词：乡村 世界遗产 特征 价值 研究 

分 类 号：K901.6[历史地理—人文地理学] F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]