柑桔叶点霉侵染琯溪蜜柚的超微结构观察及致病机理分析  

Destruction Characteristics of Hypodermal Cells in Citrus grandis 'Guanximiyou' Infected by Phyllosticta citriasiana and Pathogenic Mechanism

作　　者：牛先前[1] 罗金水[1] 卢松茂[1] 杜丽君[2] 郑国华[3] 林秀香[1] NIU Xian-qian;LUO Jin-shui;LU Song-mao;DU Li-jun;ZHENG Guo-hua;LIN Xiu-xiang(Fujian Institute of Tropical Crops, Zhangzhou 363001, Fujian, China;College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Zhangzhou City College, Zhangzhou 363001, Fujian, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省热带作物科学研究所,福建漳州363001 [2]福建农林大学园艺学院,福州350002 [3]漳州城市职业学院,福建漳州363001

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2016年第4期456-463,共8页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD15B00);福建省公益类基本科研专项(2009R10010-1)资助~~

摘　　要：为探明黑斑病对琯溪蜜柚(Citrus grandis‘Guanximiyou’)果皮细胞的侵染破坏特点及作用机理,人工接种柑橘叶点霉亚洲种(Phyllosticta citriasiana)后,在扫描电镜与透射电镜下观察蜜柚真皮细胞的变化。结果表明,受到侵染后,真皮细胞的液泡膜首先发生褶皱、断裂,最终消失;叶绿体的淀粉粒消失、膜出现褶皱;质膜内陷、局部断裂;类囊体发生膨胀并解体;线粒体数量明显增加,基粒清晰可见,之后线粒体形态改变,双层膜消失,内部空胞化。未观察到细胞间隙及细胞内有菌丝分布,且细胞壁结构始终稳定。P.citriasiana危害蜜柚果皮细胞与毒素作用有关,侵染位点可能是细胞膜,信息通过胞间连丝穿过细胞壁,进入细胞内部。In order to explore the characteristics of infection and damage of citrus black spot to Citrus grandis‘Guanximiyou’, the changes in hypodermal cell structure were observed under scanning electron microscopy andtransmission electron microscopy (TEM) after artificially inoculated with Phyllosticta citriasiana. After pomelofruits were infected, the tonoplast in hypodermal cell wrinkled, fractured, and eventually vanished. The starchgrains in chloroplast disappeared. The plasmolemma wrinkled, invaginated and partly ruptured. The number ofmitochondria increased with clear visible grana. The thylakoid swelled and disintegrated. Afterwards,mitochondria underwent morphological changes, including disappearance of two layers of membrane andvacuolization. However, there were no intercellular or intracellular hyphae, and the cell wall remained structurallystable. Phyllosticta citriasiana infected hypodermal cells of ‘Guanximiyou’ through toxins, which probably attackcell membrane structure and cross over cell wall through plasmodesmata.

关 键 词：琯溪蜜柚 黑斑病 侵染 超微结构 致病机理 

分 类 号：S436.66[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]