江海直达船艏部结构入水砰击试验  

Experimental investigation on the slamming load of the flat bow of a sea-river link container ship

作　　者：彭晟[1,2] 吴卫国[2] 夏子钰[2] PENG Sheng;WU Weiguo;XIA Ziyu(Technology Center, CCCC Second Harbour Engineering Co. Ltd.,Wuhan 430040,China;School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]中交二航局技术中心海洋工程技术研究室,湖北武汉430040 [2]武汉理工大学交通学院,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2016年第4期14-21,共8页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：工信部高技术船舶项目

摘　　要：新一代江海直达船主要呈宽扁型且吃水较浅，由江入海航行时会发生船艏底部和外飘砰击，严重的砰击会造成船舶主动失速甚至结构损伤，影响船舶与人员安全。传统的理论和相关经验公式很难预报宽扁肥大的艏部结构的砰击载荷。相较于传统的简化模型试验方法，本文基于相似理论设计了与某新型江海直达船艏部结构相似的三维木质模型。采用落水试验的方法进行了一系列的不同落水高度及不同入水角度的入水砰击试验。研究江海直达船艏部结构所受砰击载荷特点，得到砰击压力峰值及其分布规律，同时发现了小角度入水情况下（入水攻角α<5°）的空气垫效应，空气垫延缓并减小了砰击压力峰值。此外还回归了0°~15°入水攻角下的底部砰击压力预报公式，可供结构设计时参考砰击载荷的选取。Slamming phenomenon is a transient process,generating a large impact pressure within a very short duration,which could cause fatigue or deformation of the local structure,even severe structural failure or collapse. Due to the limitation and restrictions on the inland waterway,the new designed sea-river linked ship has a more flat and little draught ship type,which would rise more serious slamming problems when the ship sails from the river into the sea. The slamming load conventionally are investigated within the simplified water entry theories and experiments of wedges and plates. Respect to the flat blunt bow,these theories and experimental methods could not predict the slamming pressure well. In the present paper,a three dimensional wooden model of the bow was adopted,and a series of free-fall water entry experiments with different heights and impact angles were carried out. The slamming pressure and its distributions of the bow of a new sea-river linked ship were obtained,as well as the slamming pressure regression formulas based on the experimental results. In the meanwhile,the air cushion was found between the bottom and the water surface in the case of impact angle α <5°,and could postpone and reduce the slamming peak pressure.

关 键 词：江海直达船 砰击载荷 入水试验 空气垫 

分 类 号：U661.73[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]