煤矿隐蔽灾害井下精细探测技术方法与优化  

Exquisite Detection Method and Optimization of Mine Implicit Disaster

作　　者：张彬[1,2,3] ZHANG Bin(China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;Mine Safety Technology Branch of China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Resource High Effective Mining & Clean Utilization (China Coal Research Institute), Beijing 100013, China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京),北京100083 [2]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司安全分院,北京100013 [3]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室(煤炭科学研究总院),北京100013

出　　处：《煤矿开采》2016年第4期26-32,共7页Coal Mining Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51404139);中国煤炭科工集团科技创新基金资助项目(2014QN013)

摘　　要：为了预测煤矿掘进工作面和采煤工作面附近区域的含水体、采空区或构造等地质异常体,采用瞬变电磁法、直流电法、瑞利波法、反射波法、音频电透视法和无线电波法等6种井下探测技术,通过井下数据采集、处理和反演计算,形成可视化图件,来解释矿井含水体、采空区及构造等地质异常体的范围和位置特征,建立了一套适合煤矿采掘过程中井下物探动态监测水害的技术方法。结果表明:对于掘进工作面,采用瞬变电磁法或直流电法可以较好地超前跟踪探测前方各类含水体;采用瑞利波法或反射波法可以较好地超前跟踪探测前方边界明显的构造、采空区等地质异常体;对于采煤工作面,采用瞬变电磁法或音频电透视法可以较好地探测采煤工作面区域各类含水体;采用无线电波透视法可以较好地探测采煤工作面区域构造等地质异常体;对于已掘巷道,采用瞬变电磁法或矿井直流电法可以较好地探测巷道区域各类含水体;采用瑞利波法或反射波法可以较好地探测巷道区域边界明显的构造、采空区等地质异常体。In order to predict some geological anomalous body around driving working face and mining working face of coal mine,which include water body, goaf and structure, the following six technologies transient electromagnetic method; DC resistivity method;Rayleigh wave method; reflected wave method; audio-frequency electrical penetration; radio wave penetration method were applied,according data collection, dispose and back calculation, then visualization image would formed, then the scope and position ofgeological anomalous body could be explained, so a suit technology of geophysical prospecting dynamic monitoring that fit for underground water disaster. The results showed that all kinds of water body ahead of driving working face could be detected precision by transient electromagnetic method and DC resistivity method, some geological anomalous that boundary obviously in working face could be detected by Rayleigh wave method and reflected wave method; all kinds of water body in mining working face could be detected by transient electromagnetic method and audio-frequency electrical penetration, some geological anomalous body in mining working face could be detected by radio wave penetration method, but to the forming roadway, transient electromagnetic method and DC resistivity method were used to all kin ds water body detection. Some geological anomalous body like structure and goaf that roadway border obviously could be detected by Rayleigh wave method and reflected wave method.

关 键 词：隐蔽灾害 精细探测 瞬变电磁法 直流电法 瑞利波法 反射波法 音频电透视法 无线电波透视法 

分 类 号：TD166[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]