鄂尔多斯盆地致密油地质研究与试验攻关实践及体会  

Geological Study and Pilot Test of Tight Oil in Ordos Basin

作　　者：牛小兵[1,2] 冯胜斌[1,2] 尤源[1,2] 梁晓伟[1,2] 王芳[1,2] 李卫成[1,2] 郝炳英[1,2] Niu Xiaobing;Feng Shengbin;You Yuan;Liang Xiaowei;Wang Fang;Li Weicheng;Hao Bingyin(National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Xi’an 710018, China;Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018, China)

机构地区：[1]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室 [2]中国石油长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《石油科技论坛》2016年第4期38-46,共9页PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FORUM

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)“淡水湖盆细粒沉积与富有机质页岩形成机理”(编号:2014CB239003);国家自然科学基金重大项目“中国非常规油气储层特征、分类与典型地质模型建立”(编号:41390451)资助

摘　　要：鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段致密油是我国陆相致密油的典型代表,在地质研究及试验攻关推动下,其勘探、开发取得了显著成效。地质上系统开展了包括精细刻画烃源岩时空展布、发展完善湖相重力流沉积模式、建立微(纳)米孔喉定量表征方法、实现致密储层裂缝定量预测、深化致密油充注成藏机理等方面的研究并取得创新认识;现场开展了致密油水平井体积压裂试验及致密油规模开发试验,建成了Z1、Z2等致密油水平井技术攻关示范区和A、Z、W等规模开发试验区,试验区单井产量获得巨大突破,资源实现有效动用;通过研究和攻关,研发集成了21项关键技术,落实了致密油规模储量,初步实现了致密油规模有效动用。文中还介绍了盆地致密油地质研究及现场试验攻关中遇到的困难和关键问题,重点阐述了解决问题的思路、方法及形成的经验,指出面对致密油等非常规地质对象,科学认清其本质属性,善于应用非常规技术和方法,以解决实践问题为研究出发点,采用多学科、一体化综合研究等是成功的关键。通过分析总结,为同类陆相盆地致密油理论技术研究及勘探开发实践提供了样本。Tight oil in Chang 7 Member, Upper Triassic Yangchang Formation, Ordos Basin, is the typical tight oil ofcontinental facies in China. Remarkable achievements were made in exploration and development of this area thanks tothe relative geological study and pilot test. A series of geological researches have been carried out with a lot of innovationsacquired, such as fine description of distribution of hydrocarbon source rock in space and time, development of modelfor lacustrine gravity flow deposits, establishment of the method for characteristics of quantitative pore and throat atmicro to nano scale, quantitative prediction of fractures in tight reservoirs, and in-depth analysis of tight oil injectionand accumulation mechanism. Some experiments were conducted on the field, such as test on volumetric fracturing oftight oil horizontal well and test on large-scale development. The demonstration zones of Z1 and Z2 were established fortight oil horizontal well technological study while the experiment zones of A, Z and W were established for developmenton a large scale. A significant breakthrough was made in single-well production in the experiment zone, thus making aneffective use of resources. A total of 21 items of key technology were integrated on the basis of the study, with the tightoil reserve confirmed. Tight oil was effectively produced on a large scale at the preliminary stage. This paper also briefsabout the bottlenecks and issues from the geological study of basin tight oil and the field test. It elaborates the mindset,methods and experiences for settlement of those issues. As for the unconventional geological objects like tight oil, it isnecessary to identify the fundamental nature of tight oil and use the unconventional technology and method. The integrated multi-disciplinary study holds the key to success. The analysis and summarization offer examples for the theoretical andtechnology study as well as exploration and development of tight oil in the basins of the same continental facies.

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯盆地 非常规油气 致密油 勘探开发 地质理论 工程技术 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] TE34[天文地球—地质学]