从马江海战看晚清政府突发事件应急机制  

On Response Mechanism in Late Qing Dynasty in Perspective of Battle of Fuzhou

作　　者：贺怀锴 冯巧霞 HE Huaikai;FENC Qiaoxia(Henan University,Kaifeng, Henan 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学,河南开封475000

出　　处：《龙岩学院学报》2016年第3期108-111,136,共5页Journal of Longyan University

摘　　要：1884年的马江海战是对清政府处理应急机制的一次检阅和考验。钩沉史料、厘清史实,可以透析清政府的应急决策机制存在失误:战和不定、优柔寡断;应急保障机制欠缺,缺乏完善的应急预案和必要的基础设施;应急协调机制紊乱,军队和地方政府、海军和陆军等未能有效协调。由于各项应急机制的缺失,最终马江海战以失败而告终。在马江海战后期,清政府启用应急恢复机制,安定民心、恢复海军、稳定疆域,在一定程度上减轻了马江海战失败所造成的损失。无论是历史还是当今,突发事件都是国家治理中的难题,而处理突发事件的最终目标就是尽力降低其危害程度,以达到社会稳定。The Battle of Fuzhou in 1884 was a test to the response mechanism of the government in the late Qing dynasty. We can dialyze the faults of it after a careful analysis of relevant historical material. At that time, the government couldn’ t decide to continue the 'war or stop it. They had no perfect useful response mechanism, useful pre-arranged plans and necessary infrastructures. On the contrary, the response mechanism wTas inordinate. There existed no coordination between troops and the local government, between the navy and the army. And at last, the Battle of Fuzhou ended in failure. In the later period of the battle, government took measures to improve the response mechanism, placate the public, restore the navy and defend the territory to alleviate the extent of the damage. Emergency is a tough problem in the country management whether in history or today. So it’ s an ultimate goal is to alleviate the damage and make a stable society.

关 键 词：晚清政府 马江海战 突发事件 应急机制 

分 类 号：K251[历史地理—历史学]