Durham重力采样法对不同高度气传致敏花粉的调查研究  

An Investigation of Airborne Allergenic Pollen at Different Heights with Durham Traps

作　　者：肖小军[1] 胡东生[1] 刘志刚[1] 龚苗[1] 刘晓宇[1] XIAO Xiao-jun;HU Dong-sheng;LIU Zhi-gang;GONG Miao;LIU Xiao-yu

机构地区：[1]深圳大学医学院过敏反应与免疫学研究所,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（医学版）》2016年第3期64-67,共4页Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81302553);广东省工程技术研究开发中心项目(2013158925);广东省科技计划(2014A020212466);南山区创新机构提升资助项目(KC2014ZDTS0004B;KC2014ZDTS0004B)

摘　　要：目的探讨深圳市区不同高度气传花粉种类、数量、季节性消长规律以及与气候要素的关系。方法采用Durham重量法于2012年7月1日至2013年6月30日对深圳市不同高度(1.5、35.0、70.0m)空气中气传花粉浓度进行监测,采用SAS 9.13软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果全年曝片1095片(3个高度采集点,每个高度365片),总采集花粉10 386粒,其中1.5m采集3029粒;35.0m采集3969粒;70.0m采集3388粒,鉴定出36个科60种花粉。3个高度全年皆有花粉飘散,均出现2次花粉飘散高峰期,即春季(2月20日—4月14日)和秋季(9月12日—12月5日);35.0m高度采集的花粉最多,地面(1.5m)采集花粉最少。全年花粉数在3个不同高度中任何2个高度间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);春季花期和秋季花期35.0m高度气传花粉数与其他2个高度比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同高度气传花粉分布规律及浓度均受季节和气象要素等综合因素的影响。结论在3个高度空气中全年皆有花粉飘散,均出现2次花粉高峰期,35.0m高度采集的花粉种类和数量最多。Objective To investigate the types and numbers of airborne pollen and their seasonal variation at different heights in the urban area of Shenzhen,and to study their associations with meteorological factors. Methods The concentrations of airborne pollen at different heights(l. 5,35. 0,70. 0 m) were monitored with Durham traps from July 1,2012 to June 30,2013 in Shenzhen.Results were analyzed using SAS 9. 13 software. Results A total of 1095 films(at three heights,365 films at each height) were exposed throughout the year,and 60 genera of pollen taxa(36 families)were identified. The total pollen count was 10 386 grains(3029 grains at 1. 5 m,3969 grains at 35. 0 m,and 3388 grains at 70. 0 m). Pollen grains were present in the atmosphere throughout the year,with two peaks of airborne pollen: one in spring(February 2〇-April 14) ,and the other in autumn(September 12-November 5). Most of the pollen grains were collected at 35. 0 m,and the fewest pollen grains on the ground. There were significant differences in the number of pollen grains among the three heights throughout the year(P<C〇. 05). In spring and autumn,the number of pollen grains at 35. 0 m was significantly different from that at 1. 5 and 70. 0 m (P< 0. 05). The distribution regularity and concentrations of pollen grains at different heights were correlated with meteorological factors. Conclusion Airborne pollen is present in the air at the three heights with two peaks throughout the year. Most types and numbers of airborne pollen are present at the 35. 0 m height.

关 键 词：气传花粉 不同高度 过敏 调查 气象因素 

分 类 号：R392.8[医药卫生—免疫学]