北部湾冬、夏季浮游桡足类群落的结构特征及环境适应性  

Community Structure of Copepods and Relationships with Environmental Factors in the Beibu Gulf

作　　者：曾嘉维 王学锋[1] 吕少梁 侯刚[1] 卢伙胜[1] ZENG Jia-wei;WANG Xue-feng;Lü Shao-liang;HOU Gang;LU Huo-sheng(Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2016年第6期59-64,共6页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403008);广东省高等学校优秀青年教师培养计划(YQ2014002);创新强校项目(GDOU2013050247)

摘　　要：根据2014年冬、夏季北部湾2个航次的调查数据,采用分层聚类和典范对应分析研究北部湾桡足类群落的结构特征及环境适应性。结果表明,冬、夏季共鉴定出桡足类124种,其中冬季62种,夏季108种;冬、夏季优势种均为7种,冬季以亚强真哲水蚤(Subeucalanus subcrassus)、锥形宽水蚤(Temora turbinata)、精致真刺水蚤(Euchaeta concinna)为主,夏季则以异尾宽水蚤(T.discaudata)、高斯光水蚤(Lucicutia gaussae)为主。北部湾桡足类大致可分为北部群落、中部群落和湾口群落等3个群落;冬季多样性一般(Ⅳ级水平),夏季多样性较好(Ⅱ或Ⅲ级水平)。典范对应分析表明,冬季主要影响因子是海平面高度,夏季则是水深。温度和盐度与北部群落呈负相关关系,与湾口群落呈正相关关系。冬、夏季桡足类空间分布格局差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Based on the data of planktonic copepods and environmental factors of Beibu Gulf duringsummer and winter in 2014, the species composition and community structure of copepods were studied.A total of 124 species of planktonic copepods was identified, with 62 species in winter and 108 insummer. There were 7 dominant species in summer and winter. In winter, the dominant species areSubeucalanus subcrassus, Temora turbinate, Euchaeta concinna, T. discaudata and Lucicutia gaussae.The Beibu Gulf copepods can be divided into three communities: The northern community, centralcommunity and the bay-mouth community. The evaluation criteria of diversity threshold showed thatthe diversity level of Beibu Gulf in winter was general, and in summer it was better. Canonicalcorrespondence analysis (CCA) showed that the abundance of planktonic copepods was affected greatlyby the sea level in winter and the depth of water in summer. The temperature and salinity werenegatively related to the northern community, but it was positively related with the bay-mouthcommunity. The spatial distribution of plantonic copepods differs widely in Beibu Gulf during summerand winter.

关 键 词：桡足类 群落结构 多样性 影响因素 典范对应分析(CCA) 北部湾 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源]