水母旺发对珠江口鱼类资源量的影响  

Impact on fish stock by jellyfish bloom in Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：刘华雪[1] 许友伟[1] 陈作志[1] 张文博[1] 齐占会[1] 黄洪辉[1] 徐姗楠[1] LIU Huaxue;XU Youwei;CHEN Zuozhi;ZHANG Wenbo;QI Zhanhui;HUANG Honghui;XU Shannan(Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Guangzhou 510300, China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2016年第6期68-73,共6页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目珠江科技新星专项(2014J2200020);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB452904);广东省自然科学基金项目(2015A030313785)~~

摘　　要：水母作为胶质浮游动物的一大类群,与其他浮游动物和鱼类有着复杂的食物联系,在海洋食物网中占有相当重要的地位。2015年11月对珠江口环境特征、水母种群组成和鱼类资源进行现场调查,共鉴定出11种水母,其中花水母目和软水母目各有4种,优势种为球形侧腕水母(Pleurobrachia globosa);共鉴定出17种鱼类,其中鲈形目种数最多(10种)。珠江口各站位鱼类资源渔获量呈现自北向南先升高,再降低,然后逐渐升高的趋势,与浮游动物丰度和表层叶绿素a浓度分布有着较大差异。珠江口北部S1站水母类丰度为213个×m^(-3),其中球形侧腕水母占水母类丰度的99%,而该站鱼类资源渔获量仅为7.8g×h^(-1),这很可能与水母类旺发有关。水母丰度与氮磷比正相关,与渔获量负相关,但相关性均不显著,因此水母旺发对珠江口鱼类资源的影响机制仍需进一步研究。As a big group of gelatinous zooplankton, jellyfish are closely related to other zooplankton and fish through prey process, so they play an important role in marine food web. Environment character, jellyfish community and fish stock in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) during November 2015 were studied. A total of 11 species of jellyfish were identified, belonging to four orders 10 genus. Leptothecata and Anthoathecata have four species, and the dominant species of jellyfish was Pleurobrachia globosa. A total of 17 species of fish were identified, most of which belong to Perciformes (10 species). Fish stock density increased from north to south, then decreased southward, and then gradually increased in the southern PRE. The minimum fish stock density was found in the northern part of the PRE (S1), where Pleurobrachia globosa had an outbreak.The spatial pattern of fish stock pattern was different from those of zooplankton abundance and surface chlorophyll a concentration. Due to the Pleurobrachia globosa outbreak and low fish stock density in the northern PRE, we speculate that this fish stock was influenced by jellyfish bloom in the PRE, but the exact mechanism remains to be studied.

关 键 词：水母 珠江口 鱼类 影响 

分 类 号：P735.541[天文地球—海洋生物学] P735.53[天文地球—海洋科学]