库尔特原理及其应用  

Coulter Principle and Its Application

作　　者：杨文志[1] 王晓东[1] 李橙[1] Yang Wenzhi;Wang Xiaodong;Li Cheng(College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049

出　　处：《工程研究（跨学科视野中的工程）》2016年第6期582-592,共11页JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING STUDIES

摘　　要：在研究血液细胞的自动检测技术时,美国人华莱士?H?库尔特于20世纪50年代提出了库尔特原理,也被称为电敏感区法,即利用微颗粒随导电液体通过电敏感区时形成的脉冲信号来测量其尺寸和数量(或频度)的一种电学方法,其后逐渐发展成为血液自动检测的一项成熟技术,并被美国卫生部门定为该行业的检测标准。本文介绍了库尔特原理及其发展历程,详述了该原理在细胞、基因和冶金等领域里的应用。库尔特原理的应用已不仅局限于细胞计数等血液学方面,在空气与水污染、食品、燃料、润滑、涂料、海洋生物、造纸、制药、石油化工、摄影、染料、疫苗等超过四十个领域里同样应用广泛。An electrical method using the pulses of the resistance to detect the sizes and numbers of particles,has been developed to an effective way in the detection of the red blood cells and was evaluated to be a professionalmethod in this industry by the US department of health. This technology has obtained the huge achievementsin the area of the medical instruments by the Coulter brothers’ own efforts. The principle of the Coulter andits applications in the areas of Cell, gene and metallurgy, has been introduced in detail in this paper. The developmentof this principle and technology reveals profoundly some universal laws in the development of science and technology and fully shows that the interdisciplinary research is very important in the industrial engineering.

关 键 词：库尔特原理 颗粒 电阻 细胞 基因 冶金 化工 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]