流域污染负荷-水质响应的时空数值源解析方法研究  

A numerical source apportionment approach for quantifying the spatial-temporal water quality responses to watershed loadings

作　　者：邹锐 苏晗[3] 陈岩[4] 叶瑞 赵磊 刘永[3] ZOU Rui;SU Han;CHEN Yan;YE Rui;ZHAO Lei;LIU Yong(Tetra Tech,Inc. 10306 Eaton Place, Ste 340, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming 650034, China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China;Nanjing Smart Water Corporation Limited, Nanjing 210012, China)

机构地区：[1]Tetra Tech,Inc.10306 Eaton Place,Ste 340,Fairfax,VA 22030,USA [2]云南省高原湖泊流域污染过程与管理重点实验室,云南昆明650034 [3]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [4]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012 [5]南京智水环境科技有限公司,江苏南京210012

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2016年第12期3639-3649,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家“973”项目(2015CB458900);环境保护部环境规划院水环境保护综合管理平台(2015年)建设课题

摘　　要：以目前广泛应用的环境流体动力学模型EFDC为平台,构建时空数值源解析方法,理论上可以得到任意时刻任意空间点位污染物的来源构成.其原理是考虑水质模型的微分方程,直接对每个污染负荷再微分,从而将原来1个微分方程变为关于每个污染源的微分方程组,然后联立以EFDC的水动力模型求解,得到每个源对每个时空点的贡献.概化的抚仙湖模型作为数值案例用以验证方法.时空数值源解析的结果与传统扰动方法的结果几乎重合,验证了时空数值源解析方法的正确性.另一方面,数值案例中存在34个独立的污染源,扰动法则需要35次模拟,而时空数值源解析方法的结果通过单次模拟就可得到,说明时空数值源解析方法具有明显的计算效率优势.而通过对结果的进一步分析可以发现,时空数值源解析方法可以提供更精确的源贡献的动态描述.A new method,Numerical Source Apportionment(NSA)approach,was proposed based on the widely appliedwater quality model,The Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code(EFDC),to get the source component of pollutants,theoretically for any location of the lake at any time.The main idea behind was to take partial derivative of water qualityequation with respect to each polluting source.After that,a set of partial differential equations were derived from one waterquality partial differential equation.These equations were then solved together with hydrodynamic model in EFDC.As aresult,by running model only one time,the contribution of each polluting source at each spatial and temporal point could beachieved.Generalized Lake Fuxian model was taken to validate NSA.Source apportionment results of NSA are coordinatewith traditional perturbation method,which validated NSA method.On the other hand,for there were34independentpolluting source in numerical case study,to get source apportionment results traditional perturbation method had to run modelfor35times while NSA only required one time which indicated NSA has obvious advantage on computation efficiency.Further analysis showed NSA could provide more precise description on the dynamic of source apportionment.

关 键 词：数值源解析 EFDC 水质响应 污染负荷削减 时空分辨率 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]