洞庭湖浮游藻类功能群的组成特征及其影响因素研究  

Composition and influential factors of algal function groups in Dongting Lake

作　　者：汪星[1,2,3] 李利强 郑丙辉[1,2,3] 刘琰[1,2] 田琪 王丽婧[1,2,3] WANG Xing;LI Li-qiang;ZHENG Bing-hui;LIU Yan;TIAN Qi;WANG Li-jing(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drink Water Resource Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu, Yueyang 414000, China;Dongtinghu, Yueyang 414000, China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护饮用水水源地保护重点实验室,北京100012 [3]国家环境保护洞庭湖科学观测研究站,湖南岳阳414000 [4]洞庭湖生态环境监测中心,湖南岳阳414000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2016年第12期3766-3776,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAC09B02);“973”项目(2012CB417004);洞庭湖江湖生态监测重点站项目(JJ2013-023)

摘　　要：2013年3月、6月、9月及12月采集了洞庭湖11个断面的浮游藻类,并对所采集的藻类进行了功能群划分,结果显示,洞庭湖的浮游藻类可以分为24个功能群:A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H1、J、L_O、L_M、M、MP、N、P、S1、SN、T、W1、W2、X1、X2、X3、Y,所反映的生境特征主要表现为对分层敏感、频繁扰动且混合程度较高的浑浊型中-富营养型水体.不同时期调查的藻类优势功能群存在明显差异,其中,B(中营养水体、对分层敏感)、D(较浑浊的浅水水体)、J(混合型高富营养浅水水体)、MP(扰动频繁的浑浊型浅水水体)、P(混合程度较高中富营养浅水水体)、Y(广适性)在四次调查中的优势度均>0.02,成为洞庭湖的绝对优势功能群,洞庭湖藻类优势功能群不同时期的演替规律为:3月MP+P+D+B经6月MP+J+P+D+B与9月MP+J+P+D+B+L_O+Y转变成12月MP+J+D+Y.CCA分析结果显示,洞庭湖藻类功能群分布受水环境因子影响较为明显.整体上,T、p H值、DO、COD_(Cr)、NH_3-N及TP是影响洞庭湖藻类功能群分布格局的主要因素.This research was performed at March,June,September and December in2013at11sections of Dongting Lake,aiming to investigate the algal function groups.A total of24kinds of algal function groups were identified:A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H1、J、LO、LM、M、MP、N、P、S1、SN、T、W1、W2、X1、X2、X3、Y,which reflected the habitatcharacteristics with species sensitive to the onset of stratification,and which are adapt to frequently stirred up,inorganically turbid,and mesotrophic to eutrophic shallow lakes.The algal function groups was dominated by B(mesotrophic waters in small-and mediumsized lakes with species sensitive to the onset of stratification),D(shallowturbid waters),J(well-mixed,enriched shallow lakes),MP(frequently stirred up,inorganically turbid shallow lakes),P(well-mixed,mesotrophic to eutrophic shallow lakes)and Y(refers to a wide range of habitats)based on the dominantdegree(>0.02)and significant differences which were found on algal function groups across11sampling sections in thefour investigations.The successional law of algal function groups in different seasons could be summarized as follow:MP+P+D+B in March,MP+J+P+D+B in June,MP+J+P+D+B+LO+Y in September,MP+J+D+Y in December.PCA(principal component analysis)was applied to choose the major potential stressors which influenced the habitat of algaeby SPSS13.0,and CCA(canonical correspondence analysis)was used to explore the relationship between algal functiongroups and major environmental parameters.It is indicated from the results that water temperature(T),pH,dissolved oxygen(DO),Chemical Oxygen Demand(CODCr),ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)and total phosphorus(TP)were the mostimportant factors influencing the distribution of algal function groups across the11sampling sections.

关 键 词：洞庭湖 藻类功能群 优势度 环境因子 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]