认识和解决环境问题应摒弃“环境想象”  

“Environmental Imagination” Should Be Discarded When Understanding and Solving Environmental Problems

作　　者：郭兆红[1] Guo Zhaohong

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2016年第4期79-87,共9页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目"基于环境哲学转向的当代中国环境问题研究"(2013SJB720004);江苏省教育科学"十二五"规划课题"大学STS教育及其创新研究"(C-c/2011/01/89);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目"环境政治学视角下中国环境治理的发展与现代化转型研究"(16YJAZH013)

摘　　要：在认识和解决环境问题时,人们极易陷入"环境想象"的认识误区:一方面,否认古代社会的环境问题,或是无视日益严峻的生态环境形势,在认识和解决环境问题上偏离了环境历史和环境现实;另一方面,对环境问题作简单化分析,或是以理想化的对策来解决环境问题,在认识和解决环境问题时忽略环境问题的复杂性和脱离环境治理的实际。"环境想象"会导致人们对环境问题的认识仅停留在理论思辨、道德批判和文化幻想的层面上,不能依据社会发展实际和现实状况对环境问题进行分析和研究,从而未能很好地把握环境问题的复杂现实关联和多种客观原因;"环境想象"也会导致人们把时间和精力都浪费在搭建空中楼阁上,提出一些不切实际、不具有可行性、目前难以实现的思路和对策,从而在解决环境问题上错失良机。因此,我们认识和解决环境问题应摒弃"环境想象":首先,不能过于美化古代社会的生态环境状况,要认识到古代社会并非生态环境的"黄金期",同样也存在着环境问题;其次,对生态环境形势应保持清醒、客观的认识,不能过于乐观;再次,要认识到环境问题的复杂性、多样性,对环境问题所作的分析不能过于简单化;最后,解决环境问题的思路和对策不能过于理想化,要依据环境问题的客观实际提出有现实价值的治理对策。When understanding and solving environmental problems, people are likely to fall into“environmental imagination”. On the one hand, denying the environmental problems of ancient society or ignoring the increasingly severe environmental situation to deviate from the environmental history and reality. On the other hand, making a simplified analysis of environmental problems or solving environmental problems with idealistic strategies to overlook the complexity of environmental problems and the actual situation of environmental problems solution.Because of“environmental imagination”, our understanding of environmental issues is far from enough, remaining at the level of theoretical speculation, moral criticism and cultural fantasy. Such an imagination may also fail us to analyze and study environmental issues based on the real situation of social development. With some unpractical and infeasible plans wasting time and energy, some opportunities of solving environmental problems are lost. Therefore,“environmental imagination”should be discarded when dealing with environmental problems: firstly, we should not beautify the ecological environment of ancient society, and it should be realized that environmental problems also existed in ancient society, which is not the“Golden period”in eco?environment; secondly, we should keep an objective mentality about the eco-environment situation instead of being over?optimistic; thirdly, we must recognize the complexity and diversity of environmental problems instead of simplifying the analysis of the problems; finally,instead of being idealistic, we must put forward practical and feasible countermeasures based on the reality of environmental problems.

关 键 词：环境问题 环境想象 生态环境形势 环境治 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程]