海洋温差发电系统热力学及热经济性分析  

Thermodynamic and Economic Analysis for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

作　　者：李大树 张理[1] LI Dashu;ZHANG Li(CNOOC Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China;Postdoctoral Center of China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China)

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院,北京100028 [2]中国石油大学(北京)博士后流动站,北京102249

出　　处：《工业加热》2016年第5期1-5,共5页Industrial Heating

基　　金：中国海洋石油总公司综合科研项目(ZHKY-2013-ZY12)

摘　　要：以热力学基本原理为基础,建立了海洋温差发电系统仿真模型,对比分析了亚临界状态下R717、R134a和R600三种工质系统在约束蒸发器窄点温差条件下优化目标函数随蒸发温度的变化规律。结果表明:蒸发温度越高,不同系统换热器的热负荷以及冷、热海水泵功率越小,最佳蒸发压力和工质泵功率越大;不同系统的热效率和单位换热面积输出电量与蒸发温度的相关性较大,随蒸发温度的增加近似线性递增。蒸发器的换热面积与循环工质种类的相关性较小,但冷凝器的换热面积与循环工质种类的相关性较大。R717循环更接近于卡诺循环,R717的系统热效率最大,热负荷及泵功率最小,且其热经济性目标函数值在合适的范围内,是海洋温差发电系统较为理想的循环工质。研究结果可为海洋温差发电系统的设计、试验及设备选型提供理论参考。Based on the basic thermodynamic principles, a numerical ocean thermal energy conversion model was developed. The effect of evaporating temperature on objective functions for subcritical state R717^R134a and R600 were obtained at the constrained temperature difference in evaporator. The results show that the thermal load and ocean water pump power decreases with increasing evaporating temperature, while the optimum evaporating pressure and working fluid pump increases with increasing evaporating temperature; the thermal efficiency and power output for unit heat exchange area are closely related to evaporating temperature. The relation between the heat transfer area of evaporator and working fluids is less, while the heat transfer area of condenser is closely related to working fluids. R717 cycle close toCarnot cycle. R717 has the maximum systemic thermal efficiency and the minimum thermal load and pump power, and its thermoeconomic objective function is in a suitable range, which illustration R717 is an ideal working fluid for ocean thermal energy conversion. The results can provide theoretical reference for design, experiment and equipments selection of ocean thermal energy conversion system.

关 键 词：海洋温差i蒸发温度 热力学分析 数值仿真 

分 类 号：P743.4[天文地球—海洋科学] TK114[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]