间歇曝气对化肥废水的短程硝化性能影响  

Effects of intermittent aeration on the performance of partial nitrification treating fertilizer wastewater

作　　者：王琳[1] 徐新阳[1] 张铭川[1] WANG Lin;XU Xin-yang;ZHANG Ming-chuan(School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819, China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第1期146-153,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51408104);教育部基本科研业务费项目(150104003)

摘　　要：为提高化肥废水的脱氮效率,试验采用间歇曝气SBR(IASBR)和连续曝气SBR(CASBR)控制模式,考察常温条件下(16~26℃)化肥废水的短程硝化脱氮特性.稳定运行阶段COD去除率均达90%以上,IASBR和CASBR平均氨氮去除率分别为93.8%和87.2%,亚硝酸盐累积率分别为72.6%和65.6%.短程硝化动力学分析显示,IASBR和CASBR的NH_4^+-N和NO_2·--N最大比硝化速率之比分别达到了830:1和16:1.通过研究间歇曝气不同厌氧时间条件下的短程硝化效果,试验发现厌/好氧时间为20/40min时,短程硝化能力最强.间歇曝气的厌氧阶段能够强化AOB的活性表达,从而提高化肥废水的氨氮去除率和短程硝化性能.另外,系统中游离氨浓度(1.3~7.5mg/L)也是快速实现短程硝化的关键参数.For the purpose of enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency of the high-ammonium fertilizer wastewater,anintermittently-aerated sequencing batch reactor(IASBR)and a continuously-aerated sequencing batch reactor(CASBR)were developed to investigate the performance of partial nitrification for fertilizer wastewater treatment at roomtemperature(16~26℃).In the steady state,more than90%of COD was removed.The mean NH+4-N removal rate was93.8%and87.2%,and the mean nitrite accumulation rate reached at72.6%and65.6%in IASBR and CASBR,respectively.Partial nitrification kinetics revealed that the ratio of NH4+-N and NO2--N maximum specific nitrificationrates were up to830:1and16:1in IASBR and CASBR,respectively.In order to analyze the improvement effects ofintermittent aeration on the performance of partial nitrification,a series of experiments with different non-aerationdurations were conducted.It showed that the optimal NO2--N accumulation efficiency appeared at20minnon-aeration/40min aeration condition.The non-aeration phase of intermittent aeration was able to enhance the activityexpression of AOB,and induce the efficient NH4+-N removal and NO2--N accumulation.Moreover,the free ammoniaconcentration in SBRs(1.3~7.5mg/L)was also one of key parameters for achieving partial nitrification.

关 键 词：化肥废水 间歇曝气 短程硝化 厌氧时间 硝化反硝化动力学 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]