基于铸体薄片的致密砂岩储层孔隙微观参数定量提取技术  

Quantitative Extraction Technology of Micro Pore Structure Parameters Based on Thin Section for Tight Sand Reservoir

作　　者：刘颜[1] 谢锐杰[1] 柴小颖 李功强[1,3] 葛新民 陈雨霖[1] Liu Yan;Xie Ruijie;Chai Xiaoying;Li Gongqiang;Ge Xinmin;Chen Yulin(Geophysics and Oil Resource Institute,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;Qinghai Oilfield Research Institute of Exploration & Development,Dunhuang 736200,Gansu China;Well Logging Company,North China Petroleum Engineering Company of Sinopec,Xinxiang 453700,Henan China;College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,Shandong China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,武汉430100 [2]中国石油青海油田勘探开发研究院,甘肃敦煌736200 [3]中石化华北石油工程有限公司测井分公司,河南新乡453700 [4]中国石油大学地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《河南科学》2017年第1期134-138,共5页Henan Science

基　　金：中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司科研项目(SG13-09K)

摘　　要：针对致密砂岩储层的孔隙度、渗透率极低,物性及孔隙结构定量表征困难等问题,将图像处理技术引入铸体薄片分析中,通过改进Sigma滤波有效去除图像噪声,得到高分辨率和信噪比的铸体薄片图像.应用多维阈值分割和形态学滤波方法实现孔隙提取和二值化.在孔隙提取的基础上,应用计点统计技术和拓扑学方法实现了孔隙微观参数如平均孔隙半径、圆度、孔隙纵横比的定量计算,突破了过去对铸体薄片以定性和半定量为主的局限性,有效地挖掘了铸体薄片的孔隙结构内涵信息.将结果与压汞毛管压力参数对比可知,基于铸体薄片的孔隙微观参数与压汞孔隙微观参数在表征孔隙结构上具有一致性.与压汞毛管压力、岩心核磁共振等实验相比,铸体薄片对样品要求简单,测试速度快,且由于高温高压注入技术能将染色树脂极大程度地注入孔隙空间,在致密砂岩储层孔隙结构定量表征中具有无可比拟的优越性.Aiming at the difficult problems on the quantitative characterization of the pore structure in tight sand with low porosity and low permeability,a modified Sigma filtering image processing technology is introduced to analyze the casting thin sections,in order to gain the nicer image with high resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. The pore is extracted and binaryzation by using the methods of multi-dimensional threshold segmentation and morphology filtering. Some micro pore parameters are quantitatively calculated by using gauge point statistics techniques and topology methods such as the average pore radius,roundness,the vertical and horizontal ratio of pore. The connotative information of the pore structure in the casting thin sections is excavated effectively,and the limitations of the qualitative and semi-quantitative evaluation are broken. It is consistent that the micro pore parameters are extracted from the casting thin sections and the mercury injection in the results of the pore structure characterization. A comparison is made among the micro pore structure parameters extraction technology,the capillary pressure curves of mercury injection,and the NMR experiments. The result shows that the extraction technology has an incomparable superiority because of the simple request of the samples,the fast testing speed,and the high degree of injection of pore space with colored resin by using the high temperature and high pressure injection techniques.

关 键 词：铸体薄片 孔隙结构 图像处理 计点统计 定量计算 

分 类 号：P313.1[天文地球—固体地球物理学]