杭州地区污染天气型及冷锋输送清除特征  

Classification of air pollution synoptic patterns and air pollutants transport/purification effect by cold front over Hangzhou

作　　者：俞布[1,2] 朱彬[1] 窦晶晶[3] 张玮玮[4] 胡德云[2] YU Bu;ZHU Bin;DOU Jing-jing;ZHANG Wei-wei;HU De-yun(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change,Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorologica;Hangzhou Meteorological Bureau, Hangzhou 310051, China;Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089, China;Zhejiang Meteorological Bureau,Hangzhou 310051, China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室,气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室,气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]杭州市气象局,浙江杭州310051 [3]中国气象局北京城市气象研究所,北京100089 [4]浙江省气象局,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第2期452-459,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(91544229)

摘　　要：基于Lamb-Jenkinson天气分型方法对影响杭州四季的大气天气型进行频率划分,并结合杭州气候观测站的PM_(2.5)观测数据分析各季典型天气型的污染特征.针对杭州秋冬季冷锋活动时PM_(2.5)浓度值变化的不确定性,进一步分析了冷锋过程对杭州大气污染物的输送和清除特征.结果表明,冬季是杭州的主要污染季节,以高压控制和暖区发展天气型为主;春、秋季其次;夏季基本不发生高污染个例.其次,结合变温和风速气象要素特征发现,24h负变温范围在0~2℃之间或者平均风速低于2m/s条件下的弱冷锋环境以污染输送作用为主,而24h负变温幅度大于4℃以及平均风速大于4m/s的较强冷锋环境以污染清除作用为主.In this paper,the seasonal atmospheric circulation patterns over Hangzhou were classified,based on theLamb-Jenkinson weather classification method.Meanwhile,we summarized the seasonal air pollution characteristics ofthe typical atmospheric circulation patterns with the aid of PM2.5dataset from the national climate station in Hangzhou.Because the uncertainty of PM2.5levels were large under cold front synoptic condition,the pollution transport andpurification characteristics were analysed in autumn and winter.The results showed that in Hangzhou,winter,dominatedby anticyclone and warm zone in front of cold front,was the worst polluted season.Spring and autumn are secondary.Serious air pollution was almost impossibly occured in summer.In addition,identifying by the features of temperaturevariability and wind speed,we found that the weak cold front was favour of pollution transport in the conditions ofnegative temperature variability in24hours within0℃and2℃,or the average wind speed below2m/s.It was conduciveto purify the pollution for the strong cold front which was in the condition of negative temperature variability in24hourslarger than4℃,or the average wind speed higher than4m/s.

关 键 词：天气型 天气分型 污染输送 污染清除 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]