基于动态偏差的智能化HAZOP量化分析  

Quantitative Analysis of Intelligent HAZOP Based on Dynamic Deviation

作　　者：郑世清[1] 周广文[1,2] 杨霞[1] ZHENG Shi-qing;ZHOU Guang-wen;YANG Xia(Research Center for Computer and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China;Department of Economic and Management, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Tai’an 271000, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学计算机与化工研究所,山东青岛266042 [2]山东科技大学经济管理系,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2017年第1期179-185,共7页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2011BL010);山东省高校科技计划资助项目(J11LB65)

摘　　要：提出了HAZOP量化分析的"动态偏差"概念,明确了该动态偏差是具有一定持续时间的某一组偏离了正常操作值的工艺参数,通过分析动态偏差引起系统危险的必要条件及对持续时间限值的影响,获得了有效持续时间定义并提出了"动态偏差的阶梯化求解"方法。基于该方法建立了HAZOP量化分析的动态偏差"层级"模型,该模型根据持续时间限值不同划分为正常值D^n、安全阈值D^s、纠错偏差D^c、引发偏差D^t和不可逆偏差iD等5个层级,利用MATLAB编制了模型的智能化求解包。将该模型应用于某工业反应实例,所获得的HAZOP分析结果与文献值相比更加精确,表明该模型能更清晰地了解和掌握处于不同层级的偏差对系统的影响特点,其中引发偏差可作为系统预警值,纠错偏差可实施在线纠正,根据这些特点制定对应的安全措施,可降低危险发生及可能因危险造成的停车几率,从而可以保证安全连续稳定的工业生产。Dynamic deviation is defined as x(td ) for quantitative analysis of HAZOP, where x is a set of process parameters deviated from normal operating values, and td is the duration of x. The effective duration was defined and a “Dynamic Deviation Delaminated Solution” (DDDS) method was proposed by analyzing necessary conditions causing system risk and time duration limits by dynamic deviation. A deviation'Hierarchy' model of HAZOP quantitative analysis was established based on the DDDS method, which was divided into 5 levels following time duration limit: normal value Dn , safety threshold value Ds , corrective deviation Dc , triggered deviation Dt and irreversible deviation Di . This model was solved by an intelligent solution package using MATLAB. Moreover, the model was applied to an industrial reaction case, and the results obtained seem more accurate than that from reference. The triggered deviation can be used as a warning value for process risk, and the corrective deviation can be applied for correction measurements on line. Corresponding safety measurements can be used to reduce risk and shut-down times for safe and stable industrial production.

关 键 词：HAZOP 定量分析 动态偏差 模型 

分 类 号：TQ021.8[化学工程]