一步法催化脂肪伯醇脱氢氨化合成脂肪腈  

One Step Synthesis of Nitriles by Dehydrogenation-amination from Fatty Alcohols

作　　者：金书含 关旭[1] 高晗[1] 王玉龙[1] 梁宇[1] JIN Shuhan;GUAN Xu;GAO Han;WANG Yulong;LIANG Yu(Daqing Petrochemical Research Center,Daqing 163000, China)

机构地区：[1]大庆化工研究中心,黑龙江大庆163000

出　　处：《化工技术与开发》2017年第4期13-16,共4页Technology & Development of Chemical Industry

摘　　要：本文提出了一个有效合成腈的方法,即在Cu/SiO_2上由C4~C8(碳数)的脂肪伯醇和氨气一步合成相应的腈。脂肪醇的转化率和脂肪腈的选择性分别大于96%和87%,且明显受到脂肪醇的β-取代基和碳链长度的影响。对Cu/SiO_2催化剂进行了H_2-TPR和TEM表征,表明催化剂中其铜物种主要是高分散的CuO。通过实验提出了一个合理的机理,其中醇脱氢生成醛是反应中非常重要的一步。An effective way for one-step synthesis of nitriles from C4~C8fatty primary alcohols and ammonia over Cu/SiO2wasestablished.The conversion of alcohols and selectivity of nitriles obtained were more than96%and87wt%respectively and wereobviously influenced by the C2-substitution rather than the chain length of fatty primary alcohols.Cu/SiO2was characterized byH2-TPR and TEM.It was revealed that the main state of Cu in the catalysts was highly dispersed CuO.A plausible mechanism wasproposed and supported by different experiment,and an important step was the generation of aldehydes.

关 键 词：脂肪伯醇 脂肪腈 脱氢氨化 CU/SIO2 

分 类 号：O623.76[理学—有机化学]