固体电介质真空沿面闪络研究进展  

Research Progress on Vacuum Surface Flashover of Solid Dielectrics

作　　者：李盛涛[1] 聂永杰[1] 闵道敏[1] 潘绍明[1] Li Shengtao;Nie Yongjie;Min Daomin;Pan Shaoming(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China)

机构地区：[1]电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室(西安交通大学),西安710049

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2017年第8期1-9,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51337008);国家自然科学基金面上项目(11575140);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2015CB251003);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(50625721)资助

摘　　要：针对真空中复合绝缘体系的耐电强度受到沿面闪络现象限制问题,综述了国内外真空沿面闪络相关的研究进展。研究发现,真空中固体绝缘介质的沿面闪络性能受老练方式、介质的表面特性及体特性、介质表面沉积电荷、绝缘体系的电场分布等因素影响。机理分析认为真空中的沿面闪络现象实质上是高场下电荷在气-固界面的输运行为,其过程涉及到介质表层中的电荷捕获/脱陷特性、二次电子的发射特性、以及气相中的气体(或解吸附气体)分子的碰撞电离/电子倍增等过程,沿面闪络的发展和形成是以上几个因素相互耦合作用结果。基于以上分析及认识,认为可以从改变材料表面特性及体特性和改善整个绝缘体系的电场分布方面,来提升真空沿面闪络电压。The issue of surface flashover limiting the electrical strength of composite insulatingsystem in vacuum has received many attentions.This paper reviews the research progress of surfaceflashover in the recent years.Research results indicate that surface flashover performance of soliddielectrics in vacuum is influenced by many factors,such as the way of conditioning,surface and bulkproperties of materials,the deposited charges in surface layer,electric field distribution of insulatingsystem,etc.Mechanism implies that the essence of surface flashover is the charge transport behavioracross gas-solid interface under high electric field,which involves charge trapping and de-trappingproperties in dielectric surface layer,secondary electron emission properties,impact ionization of gasmolecules and electron multiplication properties in gaseous phase(or desorbed gas).The developmentprocess and formation of surface flashover is a coupling effect of the above factors.Based on the aboveanalysis,it is concluded that the improvement of surface flashover voltages can be achieved bychanging the surface and bulk properties of materials as well as improving the electric field distributionof the whole insulation system.

关 键 词：固体电介质 真空沿面闪络 电荷输运 倍增 耦合 

分 类 号：TM853[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]