荔枝园养鸡配套技术及效益分析  

Matching techniques and benefits of feeding chicken in orchard of Litchi chinensis Sonn.

作　　者：向慧敏[1,2,3] 章家恩[1,2,3] 李宏哲[1,2,3] 叶延琼[1,2,3] 赵本良[1,2,3] XIANG Huimin;ZHANG Jiaen;LI Hongzhe;YE Yanqiong;ZHAO Benliang(Department of Ecology, College of Nature Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;Research Center of Modern Ecological Agriculture and Circular Agricultural Engineering Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院生态学系,广州510642 [2]农业部华南热带农业环境重点实验室,广州510642 [3]广东省现代生态农业与循环农业工程技术研究中心,广州510642

出　　处：《生态科学》2017年第2期107-112,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)课题(2011CB100406);广东省科技计划项目(2012A020100003;2015B090903077);广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(粤农[2009]380号);国家科技支撑计划课题(2009BADC6B07;2012BAD14B16-4)

摘　　要：果园养鸡是果园立体农业的重要生态模式之一,其一方面可提高果园的土地利用效率和经济效益;另一方面可利用鸡的活动减少果园的病虫草害,并利用鸡粪作为有机肥,可减少农药和化肥的使用,从而提高果园的社会效益和生态效益。论文选取华南地区典型的荔枝园养鸡立体农业生态模式为对象,研究了华南地区荔枝园养鸡模式的配套技术及其效益。结果表明,荔枝园养鸡可明显地降低农药和化肥的投入成本,同时该种模式中所增加的鸡收入,促使整个立体模式经济收益增加,与传统荔枝园的单一种植相比,荔枝园养鸡年利润可达到95355元·hm^(–2),约是普通荔枝园经济收益48900元·hm^(–2)的2倍。因此,果园养鸡是一种集社会效益、经济效益和生态效益为一体的立体生态循环农业模式。Feeding chicken in the orchard is one of the important planting and husbandry combining systems which are based on two factors.On one hand,it can increase the land use efficiency and economic income of an orchard;on the other hand,it can decrease the pest,disease and weed occurrence of fruit trees by the activities of chickens in the orchard.Therefore,an experiment focused on the matching techniques and benefits of feeding chickens in orchard of Litchi chinensis Sonn.in South China was conducted.The results showed that feeding chickens in orchard decreased the cost of pesticide and fertilizer,and improved its economic income.Overall,this farming system can produce two products including the Litchi chinensis fruits and chicken with a better benefits than the monoculture of Litchi chinensis.In our experiment,the economic benefit of the feeding chickens in the orchard of Litchi reached to95355yuan·hm-2,which was about two times of the monoculture of only planting Litchi chinensis.This study indicates that feeding chicken in orchard is a good farming system with better social,economic and ecological benefits,and it is especially appropriate in South China.

关 键 词：荔枝园 养鸡 配套技术 社会效益 经济效益 生态效益 

分 类 号：S604.7[农业科学—园艺学]