不同植被类型对土壤理化性质和土壤呼吸的影响  

Effects of Different Vegetation Types on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Soil Respiration

作　　者：闫宝龙[1] 赵清格 张波[1] 李雅璐 赵鹏武[1,2] 张昊[1,2] YAN Baolong;ZHAO Qingge;ZHANG Bo;LI Yalu;ZHAO Pengwu;ZHANG Hao(College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China;Saihanwula Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Chifeng 025150, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古赛罕乌拉森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古赤峰025150

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第2期189-195,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30860056)

摘　　要：不同植被类型影响地表覆盖和土壤特性,进而可能会改变生态系统碳循环。为了揭示植被类型对土壤理化性质和土壤呼吸碳排放的影响,本文通过测定并分析大兴安岭南段蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)林、林缘草地、华北落叶松(Larix pricepis-ruprechtii)人工林、山杏(Armeniaca sibirica)灌丛和山荆子(Malus baccata)林5种植被类型的土壤理化性质和土壤碳通量,探讨了不同植被类型中土壤特性和土壤呼吸的变化。结果表明,土壤全氮、速效磷和有机碳均表现为山荆子林显著高于其他植被类型。生长季的土壤温度呈单峰趋势,在8月份达到最高;土壤含水量呈先升高后下降再升高的趋势,其范围在0.77~1.18 cm^3·cm^(-3)之间;土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度的变化趋势一致,各植被类型均在8月份达到峰值,以山杏灌丛的土壤呼吸速率最大(9.778μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)),分别是山荆子林、林缘草地、蒙古栎林和华北落叶松人工林的1.25、1.37、1.84和1.87倍。单因素方差分析表明,生长季的各个月份的土壤呼吸速率在不同植被类型间有显著差异;华北落叶松人工林生长季土壤呼吸的排放量最低;生长季土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度和含水量均呈显著正相关关系。因此,大兴安岭南段的不同植被类型是影响生长季土壤碳排放的主要生物因子,而土壤温度是其主要的非生物因子。该研究可为植被类型的科学管理提供科学依据,对植被碳排放的进一步理解具有一定的意义。Different vegetation types with different coverage have an impact on the soil properties and further alter the carboncycling of ecosystems.In order to reveal the effects of vegetation types on the soil physicochemical properties and carbon emissionsof soil respiration,soil physicochemical properties and soil carbon flux of5vegetation types were measured in southern part ofGreater Xing'an Mountains,including Quercus mongolica forest(QF),forest margin grasslands(FG),Larix pricepis-ruprechtiiplantations(LP),Armeniaca sibirica shrub(AS),and Malus baccata forest(MF),and explored changes of soil physicochemicalproperties and soil respiration in different vegetation types.The results showed that soil total nitrogen,available phosphorus andorganic carbon of MF were significant higher than other vegetation types.Soil temperature has an unimodal trend in growth seasonwith the greatest value in August,while soil water content was first increased and then decreased and increased again with the rangfrom0.77to1.18cm3·cm-3.Soil respiration rate had the same trend with soil temperature and its greatest value was also in August.AS had the greatest soil respiration rate(9.778μmol·m-2·s-1),that was1.25,1.37,1.84,and1.87times as much as the value of MF,FG,QF,and LP,respectively.Analysis of variance suggested that soil respiration rate had significant difference among vegetationtypes in each month of growth season.Soil respiration of LP is the lowest in growth season.In growing season,soil respiration rateshowed a significant positive correlation with soil temperature and water content.Therefore,vegetation type was likely the mainbiotic factor that affected soil carbon emissions during growth season in southern part of Greater Xing'an Mountains,and soiltemperature was the mainly abiotic factor.This study can provide a basis for the scientific management of vegetation types,and it isimportant to understand the carbon emissions of artificial and natural vegetation types.

关 键 词：植被类型 土壤碳通量 土壤温度 大兴安岭 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]